CONSIDERAÇÕES SOBRE A ATIVIDADE FÍSICA NA GESTAÇÃO

Shima, Hisako

doi:10.1590/0080-6234199002400300389

Resumos

A autora faz uma revisão dos estudos que exploram os efeitos da atividade física durante a gestação sobre o binômio mãe-filho. Diante dos dados existentes, bastante controversos, questiona a tendência atual de estimular atividades físicas mais vigorosas na gravidez.

Gravidez; Exercício físico; Troca materno-fetal

The author reviews works dealing with the effects of physical activity during pregnancy on the maternal and fetal organism. Considering the great controversy existent in the literature comments on the tendency to recommend more vigorous activity to pregnant woman is examined.

Pregnancy; Exertion; Maternal-fetal exchange

Texto disponível apenas em PDF

REFERÊNCIAS BIBLIOGRÁFICAS

¹
BENDER, S. Obstetrics for pupil midwives. London, William Heinemann Medical Books, 1968. 72p,
²
BLAKE, C.A. & HAZELWOOD, R.L. Effect of pregnancy and exercise on actomyosin, nucleic acid and glycogen content of the rat heart. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med., New York, 186(2):632-6, 1971.
³
BLEIER, I.J. Maternity nursing: a textbook for praticai nurses. 3. ed. Philadelphia, Saunders, 1971. 63p.
⁴
CLAPP III, J.F. Acute exercise stress in the pregnant ewe. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol., Saint Louis, 186(4):489-93, 1980.
⁵
CLAPP III, J.F. & DICXSTEIN, S. apud LOTGERING, F.K.; GILBERT, R.D.; LONGO, L. Maternal and fetal responses to exercise during pregnancy. Physiol. Rev., Bethesda, 65(1):1-36, 1985.
⁶
COLLINGS, C.A.; CURET, L.B.; MULLIN, J.P. Maternal and fetal responses to a maternal aerobic exercise program. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol., Saint Louis, 145(6):702-7, 1983.
⁷
CURET, L.B.; ORR, J.A.; RANKIN, J.H.G.; UNGERER, T.' Effect of exercise on cardiac output and distribution of uterine blood flow in pregnant ewes.
⁸
DHINDSA, D.S.; METCALFE, J.; HUMMELS, D.H. Responses to exercise in the pregnant pygmy goat. Resp. Physiol., Amsterdam, 32(3):299-311, 1978.
⁹
EMMANOUILIDES, G.C.; HOBEL, C.J.; YASHIRO, K.; KLYMAN, G. Fetal responses to maternal exercise in the sheep. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol., Saint Louis, 112(1):130-7, 1972.
¹⁰
ERDELYI, G.J. Gynecological survey of female athletes. J. Sports. Med. Phys. Fitness., Torino. 2:174-9, 1962.
¹¹
FERRARASE, C. & FRACCAROLI, G. Attivita sportiva e maternita. Minerva Med., Torino, 71(18):1321-8, 1980.
¹²
FOX, M.E.; HARRIS, R.E.; BREKKEN, A.L. The active-duty military pregnancy: a new-high-risk category. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol., Saint Louis, 129(6):705-7, 1977.
¹³
HAUTH, J.C; GILSTRAP III, L.C.; WIDMER, K. Fetal heart reactivity before and after maternal jogging during the third trimester. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol., Saint Louis, 142(2):545-7, 1982.
¹⁴
HOHIMER, A.R.; BISSONETTE, J.M.; METCALFE, J.; Mc KEAN, T.A. Effect of exercise on uterine blood flow in the pregnant pygmy goat. J. Amer. Med. Ass., Chicago, 246(2) :H207-12, 1984.
¹⁵
ILLSEY, R.; BILLEWICZ, W.Z.; THOMSON, A.M. Prematurity and paid work during pregnancy. Brit. J. Prev. Soc. Med., London, 8(1):153-6, 1959.
¹⁶
JARRET II, J.C. & SPELLACY, W.N. Jogging during pregnancy: an improved outcome? Obstet. Gynec, New York, 61(6):705-9. 1983.
¹⁷
JENKINS, R.R. & CICCONE, C. Exercise effect during pregnancy on brain nucleic acids of offspring in rats. Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil., Chicago, 61(3):124-7, 1980.
¹⁸
KARASAWA, K.; SUWA, J.; KIMURA, S. The amount of voluntary exercise during pregnancy and lactation and effect of voluntary exercise on the lactational performance in mice. J. Nutr. Sci. Vitaminol, 27:333-9, 1981.
¹⁹
KARASAWA, K. & KIMURA, S. The effect of maternal exercise on the development of digestive function of pups weaned prematurely in mice. Nutr. Rep. Int., 37(4):875-83, 1988.
²⁰
LONGO, L.D.; HEWITT, C.W.; LORIJN, R.H.W.; GILBERT, R.D. To what extent does maternal exercise affect fetal oxygenation and uterine blood flow? Feder. Proc., Bethesda, 37(3):905,-1978.
²¹
LOTGERING, F.K.; GILBERTO, R.D.; LONGO, L. Maternal and fetal responses to exercise during pregnancy. Physiol. Rev., Bethesda, 65(1):1-36, 1985.
²²
MALINA, R.M. Exercise as an influence upon growth: review and critique of current concepts. Clin. Pediatr., Philadelphia, 8(1):16-26, 1969.
²³
MORRIS, N.; OSBORN, S.B.; WRIGHT, H.P.; HART, A. Effective uterine blood flow during exercise in normal and pre-eclamptic pregnancies. Lancet, London, 2:48-4, Sept. 8, 1956.
²⁴
NAEYE, R.L. & PETERS, E.C. Working during pregnancy: effects on the fetus. Pediatrics, Springfield, 69(6):724-7, 1982.
²⁵
ORGANIZACION MUNDIAL DE LA SALUD. Capacidad óptima de rendimiento físico en el adulto. Ginebra, 1969. 34p. (Serie de informes técnicos, 436).
²⁶
ORR, J.; UNGERER, T.; WILL, J.; WERNICKE, K.; CURET, L.B. Effect of exercise stress on carotid, uterine, and iliac blood flow in pregnant and non pregnant ewes. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol., Saint Louis, 114(2) :213-7, 1972.
²⁷
PARISKOVA, J. Impact of dally work load during pregnancy on the microstructure of the rat heart in male offspring. Europ. J. Appl. Physiol., Berlin, 34(4):326-6, 1975.
²⁸
SHIMA, H. Efeito da atividade física e restrição alimentar na gestação sobre o binomio mãe-feto (crescimento cerebral do feto). São Paulo, 1985. 98p. (Tese de doutorado — Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas da Universidade de São Paulo).
²⁹
SIBLEY, L.; RUHLING, R.O.; CAMERON-FOSTER, J.; CHRISTENSEN, N.C; BOLEN, T. Swimming and physical fitness during pregnancy. J. Nurse Midwife, New York, 26(6):3-12, Nov./Dec. 1981.
³⁰
TAFARI, N.; NAEYE, R.L.; GOBEZIE, A. Effects of maternal undernutrition and heavy physical work during pregnancy on birth weight. Br. J. Obstet. Gynecol., Oxford, 87(3):222-6, 1980.
³¹
TERADA, M. Effects of severe maternal physical exercise during early pregnancy upon the development of mouse embryos. Jap. J. Phys. Fit. Sports Med., Tokyo, 18:28-32, 1969.
³²
TERADA, M. Effect of physical activity before pregnancy on fetuses of mice exercised forcibily during pregnancy. Teratology, New York, 10(2):141-4, 1974.
³³
WILSON, N.C. & GISOLFI, C.V. Effects of exercising rats during pregnancy. J. Appl Physiol., Bethesda, 48(1):34-40, 1980.
³⁴
ZAHARIEVA, E. Olympic participation by women: effects on pregnancy and childbirth. J. Amer. Med. Ass., Chicago, 221(9):992-5, 1972.

Datas de Publicação

Publicação nesta coleção
Dez 1990

Histórico

Recebido
13 Mar 1990

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

[1] ¹
BENDER, S. Obstetrics for pupil midwives. London, William Heinemann Medical Books, 1968. 72p,

[2] ²
BLAKE, C.A. & HAZELWOOD, R.L. Effect of pregnancy and exercise on actomyosin, nucleic acid and glycogen content of the rat heart. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med., New York, 186(2):632-6, 1971.

[3] ³
BLEIER, I.J. Maternity nursing: a textbook for praticai nurses. 3. ed. Philadelphia, Saunders, 1971. 63p.

[4] ⁴
CLAPP III, J.F. Acute exercise stress in the pregnant ewe. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol., Saint Louis, 186(4):489-93, 1980.

[5] ⁵
CLAPP III, J.F. & DICXSTEIN, S. apud LOTGERING, F.K.; GILBERT, R.D.; LONGO, L. Maternal and fetal responses to exercise during pregnancy. Physiol. Rev., Bethesda, 65(1):1-36, 1985.

[6] ⁶
COLLINGS, C.A.; CURET, L.B.; MULLIN, J.P. Maternal and fetal responses to a maternal aerobic exercise program. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol., Saint Louis, 145(6):702-7, 1983.

[7] ⁷
CURET, L.B.; ORR, J.A.; RANKIN, J.H.G.; UNGERER, T.' Effect of exercise on cardiac output and distribution of uterine blood flow in pregnant ewes.

[8] ⁸
DHINDSA, D.S.; METCALFE, J.; HUMMELS, D.H. Responses to exercise in the pregnant pygmy goat. Resp. Physiol., Amsterdam, 32(3):299-311, 1978.

[9] ⁹
EMMANOUILIDES, G.C.; HOBEL, C.J.; YASHIRO, K.; KLYMAN, G. Fetal responses to maternal exercise in the sheep. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol., Saint Louis, 112(1):130-7, 1972.

[10] ¹⁰
ERDELYI, G.J. Gynecological survey of female athletes. J. Sports. Med. Phys. Fitness., Torino. 2:174-9, 1962.

[11] ¹¹
FERRARASE, C. & FRACCAROLI, G. Attivita sportiva e maternita. Minerva Med., Torino, 71(18):1321-8, 1980.

[12] ¹²
FOX, M.E.; HARRIS, R.E.; BREKKEN, A.L. The active-duty military pregnancy: a new-high-risk category. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol., Saint Louis, 129(6):705-7, 1977.

[13] ¹³
HAUTH, J.C; GILSTRAP III, L.C.; WIDMER, K. Fetal heart reactivity before and after maternal jogging during the third trimester. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol., Saint Louis, 142(2):545-7, 1982.

[14] ¹⁴
HOHIMER, A.R.; BISSONETTE, J.M.; METCALFE, J.; Mc KEAN, T.A. Effect of exercise on uterine blood flow in the pregnant pygmy goat. J. Amer. Med. Ass., Chicago, 246(2) :H207-12, 1984.

[15] ¹⁵
ILLSEY, R.; BILLEWICZ, W.Z.; THOMSON, A.M. Prematurity and paid work during pregnancy. Brit. J. Prev. Soc. Med., London, 8(1):153-6, 1959.

[16] ¹⁶
JARRET II, J.C. & SPELLACY, W.N. Jogging during pregnancy: an improved outcome? Obstet. Gynec, New York, 61(6):705-9. 1983.

[17] ¹⁷
JENKINS, R.R. & CICCONE, C. Exercise effect during pregnancy on brain nucleic acids of offspring in rats. Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil., Chicago, 61(3):124-7, 1980.

[18] ¹⁸
KARASAWA, K.; SUWA, J.; KIMURA, S. The amount of voluntary exercise during pregnancy and lactation and effect of voluntary exercise on the lactational performance in mice. J. Nutr. Sci. Vitaminol, 27:333-9, 1981.

[19] ¹⁹
KARASAWA, K. & KIMURA, S. The effect of maternal exercise on the development of digestive function of pups weaned prematurely in mice. Nutr. Rep. Int., 37(4):875-83, 1988.

[20] ²⁰
LONGO, L.D.; HEWITT, C.W.; LORIJN, R.H.W.; GILBERT, R.D. To what extent does maternal exercise affect fetal oxygenation and uterine blood flow? Feder. Proc., Bethesda, 37(3):905,-1978.

[21] ²¹
LOTGERING, F.K.; GILBERTO, R.D.; LONGO, L. Maternal and fetal responses to exercise during pregnancy. Physiol. Rev., Bethesda, 65(1):1-36, 1985.

[22] ²²
MALINA, R.M. Exercise as an influence upon growth: review and critique of current concepts. Clin. Pediatr., Philadelphia, 8(1):16-26, 1969.

[23] ²³
MORRIS, N.; OSBORN, S.B.; WRIGHT, H.P.; HART, A. Effective uterine blood flow during exercise in normal and pre-eclamptic pregnancies. Lancet, London, 2:48-4, Sept. 8, 1956.

[24] ²⁴
NAEYE, R.L. & PETERS, E.C. Working during pregnancy: effects on the fetus. Pediatrics, Springfield, 69(6):724-7, 1982.

[25] ²⁵
ORGANIZACION MUNDIAL DE LA SALUD. Capacidad óptima de rendimiento físico en el adulto. Ginebra, 1969. 34p. (Serie de informes técnicos, 436).

[26] ²⁶
ORR, J.; UNGERER, T.; WILL, J.; WERNICKE, K.; CURET, L.B. Effect of exercise stress on carotid, uterine, and iliac blood flow in pregnant and non pregnant ewes. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol., Saint Louis, 114(2) :213-7, 1972.

[27] ²⁷
PARISKOVA, J. Impact of dally work load during pregnancy on the microstructure of the rat heart in male offspring. Europ. J. Appl. Physiol., Berlin, 34(4):326-6, 1975.

[28] ²⁸
SHIMA, H. Efeito da atividade física e restrição alimentar na gestação sobre o binomio mãe-feto (crescimento cerebral do feto). São Paulo, 1985. 98p. (Tese de doutorado — Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas da Universidade de São Paulo).

[29] ²⁹
SIBLEY, L.; RUHLING, R.O.; CAMERON-FOSTER, J.; CHRISTENSEN, N.C; BOLEN, T. Swimming and physical fitness during pregnancy. J. Nurse Midwife, New York, 26(6):3-12, Nov./Dec. 1981.

[30] ³⁰
TAFARI, N.; NAEYE, R.L.; GOBEZIE, A. Effects of maternal undernutrition and heavy physical work during pregnancy on birth weight. Br. J. Obstet. Gynecol., Oxford, 87(3):222-6, 1980.

[31] ³¹
TERADA, M. Effects of severe maternal physical exercise during early pregnancy upon the development of mouse embryos. Jap. J. Phys. Fit. Sports Med., Tokyo, 18:28-32, 1969.

[32] ³²
TERADA, M. Effect of physical activity before pregnancy on fetuses of mice exercised forcibily during pregnancy. Teratology, New York, 10(2):141-4, 1974.

[33] ³³
WILSON, N.C. & GISOLFI, C.V. Effects of exercising rats during pregnancy. J. Appl Physiol., Bethesda, 48(1):34-40, 1980.

[34] ³⁴
ZAHARIEVA, E. Olympic participation by women: effects on pregnancy and childbirth. J. Amer. Med. Ass., Chicago, 221(9):992-5, 1972.

Brasil