Relationship between precarious work and racism for migrants in Brazil

PAULI, JANDIR; COMIN, LIDIANE CÁSSIA; RUFFATTO, JULIANE; OLTRAMARI, ANDREA POLETO

doi:10.1590/1679-395120200019

person JANDIR PAULI

schoolIMED / Programa de Pós-Graduação em Administração, Passo Fundo - RS, Brazil

0000-0003-4618-6958

person LIDIANE CÁSSIA COMIN

schoolUniversidade do Oeste de Santa Catarina(UNOESC), Chapecó- SC, Brazil

0000-0003-1082-7864

person JULIANE RUFFATTO

schoolUniversidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos(UNISINOS), Porto Alegre- RS, Brazil

0000-0002-0406-9780

person ANDREA POLETO OLTRAMARI

schoolUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul(UFRGS) / Programa de Pós-Graduação em Administração, Porto Alegre - RS, BrazilschoolUniversidade de Lisboa/ Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, Centro de Investigação em Sociologia Económica e das Organizações, Lisbon- Portugal

0000-0002-5897-2772

Jandir Pauli - Ph.D. in Sociology from the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS); Professor of the Graduate Program in Administration at IMED. E-mail: jandir.pauli@imed.edu.br

Lidiane Cássia Comin - Ph.D. student in Administration at the University of the West of Santa Catarina (UNOESC); Professor of undergraduate lato sensu and graduate. E-mail: prof.lidianecassiacomin@gmail.com

Juliane Ruffatto - Ph.D. student in Administration at the University of Vale do Rio dos Sinos (UNISINOS); Professor at the Riograndense Higher Education Center (CESURG). E-mail: julianerufato@hotmail.com

Andrea Poleto Oltramari - Ph.D. in Administration (UFRGS); Professor of the Graduate Program in Administration (UFRGS); Researcher at SOCIUS/ISEG/University of Lisbon. E-mail: andreaoltr@gmail.com

	Mean	Std. Deviation
Feels able to demand better working conditions.	2.62	1.378
Feels helpless about unfair treatment from his superiors.	1.99	1.409
Feels that would be fired for not doing everything demanded.	2.15	1.579
Feels that is treated in an authoritarian manner.	2.23	1.469
Feels that can easily be replaced.	2.46	1.594
The current salary allows covering basic needs.	2.41	1.293
The current salary allows covering unexpected expenses.	2.40	1.225
You have permission for a holiday and weekend rest.	3.62	1.529
You have permission to go to a doctor regularly.	3.49	1.678
You ask for a day off for personal reasons, when needed.	3.20	1.555
You ask for a day off for family issues, when needed.	3.03	1.531

	Mean	Std. Deviation
I have been unfairly treated by bosses, directors, or colleagues at my workplace.	1.88	1.223
You have already thought that other people think you cannot do your job well.	1.92	1.311
I have been treated unfairly by co-workers.	1.91	1.227
Some boss or supervisor was unfair to you.	1.91	1.352
Someone has already threatened to hurt you physically, or others wanted to hit you.	1.41	.852
Someone really tried to hurt you, or physically assaulted you.	1.34	.752
Someone has threatened to damage your property or residence.	1.46	.877
Your house or property has already been damaged.	1.31	.952
You feel like someone who doesn’t fit Brazilian standards.	2.56	1.382
People said bad things about you, behind your back.	3.06	1.274
People who speak a different language made you feel like a stranger.	2.74	1.574
Someone ignored you or paid no attention to you.	3.55	1.545
Someone has already suggested that you are dishonest or unreliable.	2.02	1.371
Someone has already suggested that you are not clean to go to a certain place.	1.93	1.314
You believe that people don’t trust you.	1.94	1.380
Someone has already suggested that you are lazy.	1.74	1.200

	Mean	Std. Deviation
You realize that crimes committed by blacks or people of other ethnicities are seen as more violent than crimes committed by white people.	3.00	1.451
You believe that salesmen or employees generally treat blacks or people of other ethnicities worse than they treat white people.	2.20	1.267
You have been the target of aggression (physical or verbal) because of your color or ethnicity.	2.26	1.311
You think that white children are better treated at school and by society in general than black children or other ethnicities.	2.74	1.288
You rarely hear anything positive about blacks or people of other ethnicities on radio and TV.	2.28	1.462
You feel the prejudice when buying a product in a store.	2.24	1.380
You were treated with less respect or politeness compared to whites in a store, restaurant, or other business establishment.	2.62	1.428
You think immigrants may be treated unfairly at work, losing chances of professional success, because of their color or ethnicity.	2.72	1.506
You were left out (ignored) in some job, even though you were more qualified and skilled than a white competitor.	2.31	1.397
White people have already looked at you as if you shouldn’t be in the same place as them, for example, in a restaurant, theater, or other similar places.	2.80	1.586
You have been the target of racist jokes or ethnic discrimination by white people.	2.43	1.494
You have heard racist comments about blacks or immigrants.	3.36	1.347
You have seen situations where black migrants have been mistreated or wronged.	3.32	1.518
You feel that media gives more relevance to crimes involving blacks or immigrants.	3.19	1.540
You have already noticed that black immigrants are the target of jokes in Brazil.	2.76	1.414
You have worked more, or been in less prestigious positions at your workplace than white people.	2.09	1.472
You have seen or heard that immigrants express the wish to be white or to have whites’ attributes because they don’t like being black.	2.10	1.408
You have felt treated as if you were less intelligent than white people.	2.14	1.385
You have been or felt rejected at someone’s home because of your color or ethnicity.	2.06	1.347

Variables	Means	Standard Deviation	Cronbach’s alpha
Racism	2.56	0.935	0.929
Precarious work	2.32	1.043	0.838
Discrimination at work	2.04	1.013	0.910

Independent variable	Beta	t	Sig.	R²
Precarious work	2.044	7.815	0.000	0.406
a. Dependent variable: racism

[TFN1] Source: Elaborated by the authors.

Relationship between precarious work and racism for migrants in Brazil

Relación entre trabajo precario y racismo para migrantes en Brasil