Baru nuts reduce abdominal adiposity in type 2 diabetic adults: a randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover trial

Cruvinel, Beatriz Assis Carvalho; Alves, Ana Gabriella Pereira; Schincaglia, Raquel Machado; Silva, Maria Sebastiana

doi:10.1590/1678-9865202336e220103

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Original - Clinical Nutrition • Rev. Nutr. 36 • 2023 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-9865202336e220103 copy

Baru nuts reduce abdominal adiposity in type 2 diabetic adults: a randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover trial

Amêndoa de baru reduz a adiposidade abdominal de adultos com diabetes Mellitus tipo 2: um estudo randomizado, placebo-controlado, crossover

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Objective:

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of baru nuts supplementation on body composition and metabolic profile in adults with type 2 diabetes.

Methods:

This is a randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover trial with 30 adults with type 2 diabetes. The assay had two periods of 12 weeks each, with a washout period of 12 weeks between treatments. The subjects were randomized and received the two treatments in alternate periods: supplementation of 30g baru nuts or placebo. Anthropometry, body composition, blood pressure, blood sampling, food intake, and physical activity data were analyzed.

Results:

Baru nut intake reduced waist circumference (p=0.032), compared to placebo group. In the intra-group analysis, baru nut intake reduced total cholesterol (p=0.012) and LDL-c (p=0.017).

Conclusion:

The daily intake of baru nuts improved abdominal adiposity. Therefore, these nuts should be included in the diet to improve the health status of adults with type 2 diabetes.

Keywords:
Body composition. Diabetes Mellitus; Type 2. Dietary modification. Nuts. Obesity managements

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[1] Correspondence to: AGP ALVES. E-mail: <anagabriela_alves@hotmail.com>.

Parameters	Baru almond			Placebo			p ^b
	Baseline	12 weeks	p ^a	Baseline	12 weeks	p ^a
	M±SE	M±SE	p ^a	M±SE	M±SE	p ^a
Body Mass (kg)	84.68±2.88	84.97±2.87	0.947	85.28±2.78	84.59±2.94	0.787	0.350
Body Mass Index (kg/m²)	32.78±1.23	32.64±1.18	0.948	33.02±1.19	32.51±1.22	0.822	0.422
Waist Circumference (cm)	106.28±3.15	101.76±2.68	0.328	105.71±2.91	103.77±2.78	0.731	0.032
Fatty Mass (%)	39.30±1.64	40.28±1.50	0.567	40.41±1.56	39.72±1.62	0.936	0.098
Fat Free Mass (%)	60.70±1.64	59.62±1.50	0.567	59.59±1.56	60.28±1.62	0.936	0.098
Systolic Blood Pressure (mmHg)	126.31±2.92	125.16±2.99	0.956	127.43±3.43	121.02±2.51	0.199	0.121
Diastolic Blood Pressure (mmHg)	80.67±1.82	80.50±2.01	0.880	81.98±2.18	79.86±1.62	0.721	0.700

Parameters	Baru nuts			Placebo			p ^b
	Baseline	12 weeks	p ^a	Baseline	12 weeks	p ^a
	M±SE	M±SE	p ^a	M±SE	M±SE	p ^a
Glucose (mg/dL)	132.29±8.60	130.11±7.25	0.272	135.54±9.13	127.93±7.00	0.223	0.704
Insulin (μU/mL)	14.03±1.21	12.56±0.91	0.783	11.80±1.23	12.56±0.95	0.462	0.965
HOMA-IR	5.48±0.63	4.67±0.44	0.284	4.83±0.61	4.44±0.40	0.902	0.454
Total Cholesterol (mg/dL)	198.03±8.26	174.77±5.51	0.012	193.48±8.30	180.77±8.88	0.199	0.429
HDL cholesterol (mg/dL)	42.10±1.91	42.37±1.98	0.923	42.37±1.94	41.73±1.89	0.816	0.574
LDL cholesterol (mg/dL)	109.29±4.74	96.04±4.48	0.017	106.73±5.57	97.41±5.87	0.145	0.674
Triglycerides (mg/dL)	211.43±23.40	190.83±18.80	0.221	201.57±19.55	201.72±8.48	0.792	0.514
C-Reactive Protein (mg/L)	9.20±1.17	8.77±1.08	0.434	9.24±0.85	8.32±0.86	0.288	0.308
Energy (kcal)	1657.1±151.6	1582.5±105.0	0.875	1713.9±113.8	1607.6±113.2	0.752	0.763
Carbohydrate (g)	203.7±17.7	199.0±13.7	0.926	222.7±14.1	195.5±11.4	0.709	0.695
Protein (g)	80.5±8.7	74.9±5.9	0.875	71.8±4.1	82.7±7.7	0.419	0.209
Lipid (g)	53.9±6.0	56.6±5.3	0.842	56.8±4.7	58.6±6.0	0.948	0.650
Metabolic Equivalents (min/wk)	161.2±44.8	136.0±45.4	0.949	256.1±72.3	177.8±60.0	0.915	0.538