Copper penetrant-mobile complex as a potential fungicide enhancer for Asian soybean rust

Lima, Jefferson Vasconcelos Oliveira de; Cunha, João Paulo Arantes Rodrigues da; Silva Júnior, Manoel Batista da

doi:10.1590/0100-5405/290733

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ORIGINAL ARTICLE • Summa Phytopathol. 52 • 2026 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0100-5405/290733 linkcopy

Copper penetrant-mobile complex as a potential fungicide enhancer for Asian soybean rust

Complexo penetrante-móvel de cobre como potencializador de fungicidas para ferrugem asiática da soja

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Asian soybean rust remains one of the major diseases affecting soybean crops in Brazil. The reduced efficacy of some fungicides has led to the search for a better control of this disease. One strategy is to optimize the movement of fungicides to the lower parts of the canopy, which are more challenging to be reached by spraying. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the performance of three commercial fungicides, either alone or in combination with the copper penetrant-mobile complex. This product can enhance the fungicides by improving the translocation of active ingredients. Disease severity (upper and lower canopy) and soybean yield were evaluated in two consecutive seasons (2021/2022 and 2022/2023) after four applications of treatments. The copper penetrant-mobile complex combined with the fungicides prothioconazole + trifloxystrobin + bixafen and tebuconazole + picoxystrobin + mancozeb reduced (but not alone) the disease severity (upper and lower canopy), improving the disease management and increasing the soybean yield for two seasons, besides highlighting a strong correlation between these two variables analyzed.

Keywords
pesticide technology application; Phakopsora pachyrhizi ; phytopathology; systemicity

CuPMC	Rate L ha^-1	Fungicide	Rate L ha^-1	Application Stages
Fungicides alone	-	Control (no fungicides)	-	-
		tebuconazole + picoxystrobin + mancozeb	2.250	V_N; R₁; R₃; R₅
		prothioconazole + trifloxystrobin + bixafen	0.500	V_N; R₁; R₃; R₅
		fluxapyroxad + pyraclostrobin	0.350	V_N; R₁; R₃; R₅
CuPMC + fungicides	0.500	Control (CuPMC alone)	-	V_N; R₁; R₃; R₅
		tebuconazole + picoxystrobin + mancozeb	2.250	V_N; R₁; R₃; R₅
		prothioconazole + trifloxystrobin + bixafen	0.500	V_N; R₁; R₃; R₅
		fluxapyroxad + pyraclostrobin	0.350	V_N; R₁; R₃; R₅

Season	CuPMC	Fungicides	SEV (I)		SEV (S)		SEV (M)
2021/2022	Fungicides alone	Control (no fungicides)	78.5%	aA	78.5%	aA	78.5%	aA
		tebuconazole + picoxystrobin + mancozeb	42.7%	aB	3.4%	aB	23.1%	aC
		prothioconazole + trifloxystrobin + bixafen	78.5%	aA	1.6%	aB	40.0%	aBC
		fluxapyroxad + pyraclostrobin	78.5%	aA	6.1%	aB	42.3%	aB
	CuPMC + fungicides	Control (CuPMC alone)	78.5%	aA	67.3%	aA	72.9%	bA
		tebuconazole + picoxystrobin + mancozeb	12.3%	bB	1.7%	bB	7.0%	bB
		prothioconazole + trifloxystrobin + bixafen	12.3%	bB	1.3%	bB	6.8%	bB
		fluxapyroxad + pyraclostrobin	43.2%	bB	4.2%	bB	23.7%	bB
2022/2023	Fungicides alone	Control (no fungicides)	78.5%	aA	78.5%	aA	78.5%	aA
		tebuconazole + picoxystrobin + mancozeb	25.7%	aC	2.4%	bD	14.0%	aC
		prothioconazole + trifloxystrobin + bixafen	27.5%	aC	4.8%	bC	16.1%	aC
		fluxapyroxad + pyraclostrobin	43.5%	aB	8.7%	bB	26.1%	aB
	CuPMC + fungicides	Control (CuPMC alone)	78.5%	bA	78.5%	aA	78.5%	bA
		tebuconazole + picoxystrobin + mancozeb	20.6%	bC	0.8%	bD	10.7%	bC
		prothioconazole + trifloxystrobin + bixafen	19.3%	bC	19.3%	bC	10.1%	bC
		fluxapyroxad + pyraclostrobin	31.7%	bB	5.0%	bB	18.4%	bB
	SEV (I)		SEV (S)		SEV (M)
Season	2021/2022	2022/2023	2021/2022	2022/2023	2021/2022	2022/2023
D	0.587(≥0.01)	0.185(≥0.01)	0.0298(≥0.01)	0.354(≥0.01)	0.0263(≥0.01)	0.0223(≥0.01)
F	0.010(≥0.01)	0.048(≥0.01)	0.010(≥0.01)	0.037(≥0.01)	0.010(≥0.01)	0.010(≥0.01)
F (P) 1	0.523(≥0.01)	0.038(≥0.01)	0.369(≥0.01)	0.078(≥0.01)	0.275(≥0.01)	0.275(≥0.01)
F (P) 2	0.107(<0.05) NS	0.022(<0.05)	0.202(<0.05) NS	0.642(<0.05) NS	0.048(<0.05)	0.014(<0.05)
CV (%)	19.58%	21.84%	24.29%	17.16%	5.18%	11.08%

Season	CuPMC	Fungicides	PROD	%RP	%C (I)	%C (S)	%C (M)
2021/2022	Fungicides alone	Control (no fungicides)	3008 cA	45.6%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%
		tebuconazole + picoxystrobin + mancozeb	4131 bC	6.0%	84.0%	96.8%	90.4%
		prothioconazole + trifloxystrobin + bixafen	3533 bB	23.9%	72.3%	97.8%	85.1%
		fluxapyroxad + pyraclostrobin	3226 cB	35.7%	56.9%	91.5%	74.2%
	CuPMC + fungicides	Control (CuPMC alone)	3103 cA	41.1%	9.3%	26.5%	17.9%
		tebuconazole + picoxystrobin + mancozeb	4379 aA	0.0%	91.6%	97.9%	94.7%
		prothioconazole + trifloxystrobin + bixafen	4101 bA	6.8%	92.3%	98.2%	95.2%
		fluxapyroxad + pyraclostrobin	3996 bA	9.6%	74.4%	95.0%	84.7%
2022/2023	Fungicides alone	Control (no fungicides)	2254 cB	138.3%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%
		tebuconazole + picoxystrobin + mancozeb	4950 bC	8.5%	78.6%	97.4%	88.0%
		prothioconazole + trifloxystrobin + bixafen	4907 bC	9.5%	76.1%	94.3%	85.2%
		fluxapyroxad + pyraclostrobin	3794 bB	41.6%	63.9%	82.5%	73.2%
	CuPMC + fungicides	Control (CuPMC alone)	2539 cA	111.5%	6.7%	10.1%	8.4%
		tebuconazole + picoxystrobin + mancozeb	5371 aA	0.0%	89.9%	98.7%	94.3%
		prothioconazole + trifloxystrobin + bixafen	5142 aA	4.5%	89.8%	98.2%	94.0%
		fluxapyroxad + pyraclostrobin	4325 bA	24.2%	79.8%	91.4%	85.6%

Test	2021/2022 Season	2022/2023 Season
D	0.089(≥0.01)	0.0850.01)
F	0.475(≥0.01)	0.031(≥0.01)
F(P) 1	0.041(≥0.01)	0.834(0.01)
F(P) 2	0.000(0.05)	0.632(0.05) NS
CV(%)	3.61%	5.95%

Harvest	CuPMC	Fungicides	PROD	SEV (M)	Pearson
2021/2022	Fungicides alone	Control (no fungicides)	3008 cA	78.5% aA	-0.87
		tebuconazole + picoxystrobin + mancozeb	4131 aB	23.1% aB
		prothioconazole + trifloxystrobin + bixafen	3533 bB	40.0% aBC
		fluxapyroxad + pyraclostrobin	3226 cB	42.3% aC
	CuPMC + fungicides	Control (CuPMC alone)	3103 cA	72.9% bA	-0.98
		tebuconazole + picoxystrobin + mancozeb	4379 aA	7.0% bB
		prothioconazole + trifloxystrobin + bixafen	4101 bA	6.8% bB
		fluxapyroxad + pyraclostrobin	3996 bA	23.7% bB
2022/2023	Fungicides alone	Control (no fungicides)	2254 cB	78.5% aA	-0.97
		tebuconazole + picoxystrobin + mancozeb	4950 aB	14.0% aC
		prothioconazole + trifloxystrobin + bixafen	4907 aB	16.1% aC
		fluxapyroxad + pyraclostrobin	3794 bB	26.1% aB
	CuPMC + fungicides	Control (CuPMC alone)	2539 cA	78.5% bA	-0.97
		tebuconazole + picoxystrobin + mancozeb	5371 aA	10.7% bC
		prothioconazole + trifloxystrobin + bixafen	5142 aA	10.1% bC
		fluxapyroxad + pyraclostrobin	4325 bA	18.4% bB

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Grupo Paulista de Fitopatologia FCA/UNESP - Depto. De Produção Vegetal, Caixa Postal 237, 18603-970 - Botucatu, SP Brasil, Tel.: (55 14) 3811 7262, Fax: (55 14) 3811 7206 - Botucatu - SP - Brazil
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[1] Key: CuPMC: copper penetrant-mobile complex (P.C. Fulland^®); tebuconazole + picoxystrobin + mancozeb (P.C. Blindado^®) associated with 0.500 L ha^-1 adjuvant soy methyl ester (P.C. Rumba^®); prothioconazole + trifloxystrobin + bixafen (P.C. Fox Xpro^®) associated with 0.375 L ha^-1 adjuvant soy methyl ester (P.C. Aureo^®); fluxapyroxad + pyraclostrobin (P.C. Orkestra^®) associated with 0.500 L ha^-1 adjuvant non-ionic mineral oil (P.C. Assist^®).