“Revista do Colégio Brasileiro de Cirurgiões (RCBC)” is the official publication of the Brazilian College of Surgeons (CBC), founded in 1929. The history begins with the publication of “Boletim do Colégio Brasileiro de Cirurgiões”, launched in January 1930. In 1967, the publication was renamed “Revista do Colégio Brasileiro de Cirurgiões (RCBC)”, consolidating itself as one of the main scientific communication outlets in surgery in Brazil.

Since its creation, RCBC has gone through different publication frequency models, being issued bimonthly until December 2019. As of January 2020, it adopted a continuous publication model in a single annual volume, ensuring greater agility in the dissemination of scientific knowledge. The journal is distributed free of charge to CBC members and offers open online access to all issues, thus promoting the democratization of knowledge.

Over the years, RCBC has undergone a continuous modernization process, aligning with best practices in editorial management and scientific integrity. The journal has incorporated advanced technologies, such as XML tagging and Digital Object Identifier (DOI) assignment, in addition to adopting Open Science guidelines.

Open Science is a global movement aimed at making research more transparent, collaborative, and accessible, encouraging the free sharing of articles, data, and methodologies. Guided by these principles, RCBC promotes the deposit of research data in open repositories, requires disclosure of each author’s contributions, and adopts practices that strengthen transparency in scientific communication.

With a sustained commitment to advancing surgical knowledge, RCBC continuously improves its editorial practices to increase the visibility, reproducibility, and impact of its publications.

This journal follows the Open Access model, allowing unrestricted virtual access (including financial restrictions) to all scientific texts published by the journal. 

Open access is the condition in which the copyright holder of an academic work grants usage rights to third parties under an open license (Creative Commons Attribution, CC-BY), providing immediate free access to the work and authorizing any user to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of the articles, track them for indexing, pass them as data to software, or use them for any other lawful purpose.

RCBC adheres to the guidelines of Open Science, promoting more collaborative, transparent, and accessible scientific communication. The journal follows the Gold Open Access model, thereby ensuring free and immediate access to all its contents, with no embargoes or subscription restrictions.

As part of this commitment, RCBC encourages the sharing of research data, supplementary materials, and analysis codes, making them available in open online repositories. In addition, the journal values authorship transparency and requires accurate reporting of individual contributions in multi-authored manuscripts, following the Contributor Roles Taxonomy (CRediT) guidelines.

At the time of manuscript submission, authors must complete the Open Science Compliance Form, in which they will detail the practices adopted in the study, including data sharing and adherence to principles of research transparency.

Through these initiatives, the journal underscores its dedication to sharing knowledge openly and responsibly, in line with the highest standards of scientific publishing.

RCBC is committed to the highest standards of ethics and integrity in scientific publishing. All submitted manuscripts must ensure data accuracy, authorship transparency, and proper disclosure of potential conflicts of interest. Research credibility is paramount, and any form of misconduct, such as plagiarism, data fabrication, or manipulation, will be rigorously addressed by the editorial board.

To ensure the quality and reliability of its publications, RCBC adopts the guidelines of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE), following best international practices for resolving ethical issues. This includes standards on authorship, conflicts of interest, privacy, and consent, as well as specific guidelines for addressing ethical violations in research and publishing. In doing so, RCBC reinforces its pledge to transparency and scientific integrity, fostering an ethical and trustworthy editorial environment for both researchers and readers.

RCBC’s mission is to promote Open Science, ensuring the sharing and development of knowledge through collaborative research networks. Its mission is to disseminate high-quality research across all surgical specialties, with a particular focus on innovation and its influence on clinical and educational practice — contributing to the technical and scientific progress of surgery.

RCBC prioritizes the publication of manuscripts that provide new approaches and concepts in clinical and experimental surgery, as well as the educational and historical aspects of surgical practice. The Journal welcomes contributions related to surgical bioethics and surgical education, recognizing the importance of these cross-cutting themes for contemporary surgical training and practice.

The RCBC receives manuscripts in various fields of surgery, particularly those related to emergency surgery, trauma, oncology and healthcare management. In addition to these areas, manuscripts from other surgical specialties are also considered, including head and neck surgery, digestive system surgery, experimental surgery, general surgery, minimally invasive surgery, pediatric surgery, thoracic surgery, vascular surgery, coloproctology, digestive endoscopy, and transplantation.

The journal publishes various categories of manuscripts, including original articles, reviews (integrative, scoping, and systematic), study protocols, technical notes,  editorials and letters to the editor.

Submissions are accepted in both English and Portuguese, encouraging participation from Brazilian and international researchers alike. Once accepted, all articles are published in English, ensuring wider visibility and global reach.

This journal follows the standards defined in the SciELO Program's Digital Preservation Policy.

1. Scielo
2. Latindex
3. LILACS
4. Scopus
5. DOAJ
6. PUBMED
7. PMC
8. SJR 

• Journal Title: Journal of Brazilian College of Surgeons
• Abbreviated Title: Rev. Col. Bras. Circ.
• Publication of: Brazilian College of Surgeons
• Frequency: Annual
• Publication Modality: Continuous Publication (CP)
• Year of Journal Creation: 1974

• Website

RCBC encourages open access and information sharing, aiming to generate knowledge among researchers who need it to support their work. In this context, RCBC accepts manuscripts that have been self-archived in preprint repositories, such as: SciELO Preprints, arXiv, MedRxiv, Peer J, OSF among others, provided that the repository does not impose restrictions on copyright or the author’s reuse rights.

A preprint is a complete version of a scientific work that has not yet undergone peer review. Preprints operate independently of the journal, and the posting of a preprint does not interfere with the peer review process. RCBC recommends depositing manuscripts in SciELO Preprints.

RCBC requires authors to complete the Single Author Declarations Form (which also includes whether the work is a preprint and compliance with Open Science). This form must be submitted as a supplementary file to the manuscript and will be made available to reviewers.

All manuscripts submitted to the Brazilian College of Surgeons Journal (RCBC) undergo an initial editorial assessment conducted by the Editor-in-Chief, Associate Editors, or Section Editors. At this stage, manuscripts are evaluated regarding their scope, originality, scientific relevance, ethical compliance, methodological quality, and adherence to the journal’s Instructions for Authors.
Manuscripts considered suitable for publication proceed to external peer review under a double-anonymous review model, in which the identities of authors and reviewers remain confidential throughout the evaluation process.
Each manuscript is reviewed by at least two independent experts with recognized expertise in the relevant field. Reviewers are asked to assess the scientific merit, methodological rigor, originality, clarity of presentation, ethical aspects, relevance to surgical practice and research, and overall contribution to the literature.
Based on the reviewers’ recommendations, the editorial decision may be one of the following:

• Accept;
• Minor Revision;
• Major Revision;
• Reject.

Revised manuscripts may be returned to the original reviewers for further evaluation when deemed necessary by the editors.
In cases where reviewers provide substantially conflicting recommendations, the manuscript may be submitted to an additional independent reviewer or evaluated by an Associate Editor or Section Editor to support the editorial decision-making process.
The final decision regarding publication rests with the Editor-in-Chief or the editor designated to manage the manuscript.
The journal follows the principles of editorial independence, confidentiality, transparency, and ethical publishing practices in accordance with internationally recognized standards for scholarly publishing.

Manuscripts Previously Posted as Preprints
Manuscripts previously posted on a recognized preprint server will be considered for publication by the RCBC and will undergo the same editorial process and scientific evaluation criteria as all other submissions.
However, when the authors' identities are publicly available as a result of the preprint posting, the peer-review process may be conducted under a single-anonymized model, in which reviewers remain anonymous while authors are identifiable.
The prior posting of a manuscript as a preprint will not be regarded as prior publication and will not influence the editorial assessment or the decision-making process. Reviewers will evaluate the version submitted to the journal solely on the basis of its scientific merit, originality, methodological rigor, ethical standards, relevance to surgical practice, and contribution to the scientific literature, irrespective of its prior dissemination as a preprint.
At the time of submission, authors must disclose whether the preprint has received public comments, recommendations, open peer reviews, or any other form of scientific assessment, and should provide the relevant links or supporting documentation whenever available. At the Editors' discretion, this information may be shared with peer reviewers as supplementary material to support the evaluation process. Such information is intended solely to assist the review process and does not replace the independent peer review conducted by the RCBC.
If the manuscript is accepted for publication, authors are expected to update the preprint record, where permitted by the preprint server, by adding the complete citation and a link (DOI, when available) to the final published version in the RCBC.

RCBC endorses the FORCE11 Joint Declaration of Data Citation Principles, recognizing that research data are legitimate scientific outputs, citable and of equal relevance to articles in the academic record. RCBC strongly encourages the responsible sharing of data as an essential practice to ensure transparency, reproducibility, and reliability of scientific findings.

Authors are encouraged to share, whenever possible, the following types of data:

• Raw and processed data, including laboratory results, statistical data, medical images, among others;
• Software, algorithms, and source code used in data analysis or research development;
• Protocols, methods, and detailed materials (e.g., surgical models, operating guides, experimental procedures);
• Research instruments such as questionnaires, forms, interview or assessment scripts;
• Audio, video, or image records, when part of the scientific investigation and properly authorized.

RCBC recommends that data be deposited in reliable public repositories, preferably with Digital Object Identifier (DOI) assignment. The main recommended platform is:

• SciELO Data – RCBC’s official repository for scientific datasets, integrated into the SciELO Network.

Other acceptable options include:

• re3data.org (international directory of data repositories);
• Platforms such as Figshare, Zenodo, Dryad, OSF, among others, depending on the nature of the data.

When submitting a manuscript to RCBC, authors must include a section entitled “Data Availability and Sharing” after the References, following the models below:

Article Processing Charge

Open access publication ensures wide dissemination of scientific knowledge but involves operational costs for the processing and editing of manuscripts.

If the manuscript is accepted for publication, an Article Processing Charge (APC) will apply in the amount of:

• R$ 2,500.00 (two thousand and five hundred reais) / US$ 500.00 (five hundred dollars), to be paid by the authors.
• For articles in which the first or last author is a current member in good standing of the Colégio Brasileiro de Cirurgiões  (CBC), this fee will be reduced to R$ 1,500.00 (one thousand and five hundred reais) / US$ 300.00 (three hundred dollars).

For more information about the Article Processing Charge (APC), please contact revista@cbc.org.br 

Responsibility for Translation

For manuscripts submitted in Portuguese and accepted for publication, authors are responsible for providing the English translation. RCBC requires that all accepted manuscripts be translated into English by qualified professionals. Additionally, authors must provide a certificate attesting to the quality and authenticity of the translation, which must be sent to the following email address: revista@cbc.org.br.

To assist authors in choosing reliable translation services, RCBC suggests the following companies and translators:

• Marcel Milcent: marcelmilcent@gmail.com
• Editora Cubo: comercial@editoracubo.com.br
• Prime Translations: comercial2@primetranslations.com.br 
• Alisson Correia: alissoncorreia@aptoseditorial.com

Authors are encouraged to contact these providers directly to discuss their translation needs and ensure the accuracy and quality of the English text. Submission of the translation certificate is essential for validating the quality and accuracy of the translation provided.

RCBC considers ethical integrity the cornerstone of scientific research and patient care. Therefore, it adopts and supports the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE), Council of Science Editors (CSE), and World Association of Medical Editors (WAME) guidelines, thereby ensuring compliance with the highest standards of ethics in scientific publishing.

To ensure ethical conduct in academic work publications, materials submitted to RCBC must follow the guidelines below:

Original Content and Duplicate Publication

• RCBC publishes original content only. At the time of submission, authors must confirm that the manuscript has not been previously published, in whole or in part, in another journal, and is not under consideration elsewhere.
• If an article has been previously submitted to another journal and is definitively rejected before submission to RCBC, it may be considered for evaluation.

Data Fabrication and Falsification

RCBC strongly condemns data and image fabrication or falsification practices, including:

• Data or images fabrication: creation of false or non-existent data.
• Data or images falsification: intentional or misleading manipulation of information, distorting research results.

Plagiarism and Authorship

• Plagiarism occurs when an author attempts to present previously published content as original. To prevent this practice, RCBC uses Similarity Check to detect similarities in submitted manuscripts.
• Furthermore, the concepts, ideas, and opinions expressed in the articles, as well as the accuracy of citations, are the sole responsibility of the authors (see: FAPESP Code of Good Scientific Practice).

Erratum and Retraction

If misconduct is identified, the RCBC’s editorial board will take appropriate action, following the SciELO Brazil Collection Guide for Retraction Recording and Publication. Depending on the severity of the case, the journal may:

• Publish an erratum, if it is necessary to correct a minor error that does not compromise the integrity of the study.
• Issue an official retraction, if the misconduct compromises the results and reliability of the research.

Honest errors and differences of interpretation are not considered misconduct. 

Concepts, ideas, or opinions expressed in manuscripts, as well as the origin and accuracy of the citations contained therein, are the sole responsibility of the author(s). In cases of confirmed misconduct, the editorial board will act in accordance with national and international guidelines and issue a retraction.

RCBC requires that all authors declare potential conflicts of interest, ensuring transparency and integrity in scientific publishing. A conflict of interest occurs when financial, professional, or personal factors may influence — or appear to influence — the interpretation of data or the presentation of results. 

Authors must provide a detailed statement of any relevant interests, including:

• Financial: funding received, stock ownership, consulting, honoraria, patents, equipment donations, or links with companies related to the study.
• Non-financial: academic, institutional, ideological, political, or family involvement that may influence the research.

Examples of Conflicts of Interest

• Receiving funds or support from pharmaceutical companies or medical device manufacturers.
• Consulting or stock ownership in companies that may benefit from the study findings.
• Patent rights on products or technologies discussed in the article.
• Personal or family relationships with institutions that may influence the manuscript’s content.

Declarations by Editors and Reviewers

Editors and reviewers must also declare conflicts of interest before accepting responsibility for a manuscript. In case of conflict:

• The editor must refrain from handling the evaluation and transfer the manuscript to another editor without conflict;
• The reviewer must decline the invitation to evaluate.

Conflicts may include:

• Recent collaborations with the authors.
• Current or recent institutional affiliation.
• Financial conflicts or direct competition on the manuscript’s subject.
• Involvement in patents or products related to the article’s content.

Declaration Relevance

Declaring conflicts of interest does not automatically imply rejection of manuscripts or exclusion of reviewers, but it ensures transparency for readers, reviewers, and the scientific community. Deliberate failure to disclose conflicts of interest by any party may be considered a serious ethical violation, leading to retraction or other editorial measures.

Mandatory Declaration

Authors must complete and attach the Single Author Declaration Form at the time of submission. 

The completed form must be submitted along with the manuscript as a Supplementary File.

If no conflicts exist, the following statement must be included in the manuscript: The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest related to this study.

All manuscripts submitted to RCBC undergo similarity checking using Similarity Check software, as part of the journal’s commitment to scientific and editorial integrity. This check occurs at the initial stage of the editorial process before peer review.

Similarity checks are carried out to identify portions of the manuscript that overlap with previously published material in journals, books, institutional repositories, or online sources. The analysis of the similarity report considers not only matching passages but also context and adequacy of citations.

When unjustified similarities are detected, or when they compromise the manuscript’s originality, the manuscript may be:

• Returned to the authors for review and correction, or
• Rejected, in cases where the similarity is deemed severe.

The initial analysis is conducted by the scientific editorial team. Associate editors may recommend editorial actions based on this analysis, but the final decision on rejection rests exclusively with the editor-in-chief. 

The use of Similarity Checkis a support tool for ethical evaluation and does not replace the critical judgment of editors and reviewers. RCBC follows the FAPESP Code of Good Scientific Practice and the recommendations of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) in addressing cases of academic misconduct.

Authors with questions about this policy should contact the RCBC editorial team prior to submission.

Authors must declare the use of generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools in the writing process when submitting their manuscripts to RCBC. This declaration applies exclusively to the drafting and refinement stage of the text and does not cover the use of AI for data analysis and interpretation of research results.

The use of generative AI and AI-assisted technologies must be restricted to improving the readability and overall writing of the manuscript, always under human supervision. Authors are responsible for reviewing and editing any AI-generated content, ensuring the accuracy, integrity, and reliability of the information, as these systems may produce inaccurate, incomplete, or biased content.

Authors’ Responsibility

AI tools cannot be listed as authors or co-authors, as authorship implies contributions and responsibilities that only humans can fulfill. The author(s) assume full responsibility for the final content of the manuscript and the accuracy of the published information.

RCBC follows the guidelines of the World Association of Medical Editors (WAME), International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) and SciELO Network’s Guide on the Use of Artificial Intelligence Tools and Resources in Research Communication. According to these guidelines:

• Authorship must reflect significant intellectual contributions, and AI tools do not have the capacity to assume ethical and legal responsibility for a scientific work.
• The use of generative AI must be clearly and thoroughly disclosed in the manuscript, ensuring full transparency in the editorial process.
• Concealing the use of AI in scientific writing is considered an ethical breach that violates the principles of transparency and academic integrity.

Use of Artificial Intelligence Tools by the Journal

RCBC may use Artificial Intelligence tools only for editorial purposes, such as similarity detection (plagiarism), reference checking, metadata formatting support, and language review. No editorial decision will ever be made solely by AI, ensuring that the evaluation and review of manuscripts are conducted by human experts.

If the journal uses any AI software, it will be disclosed in this section.

Declaration on the Use of Generative AI in Writing

To ensure transparency in the use of generative AI, authors must include a specific statement in the manuscript, placed before the References section.

• During the preparation of this manuscript, the author(s) used the [Tool/Service Name] for [specific purpose, such as grammar enhancement, text structuring, or translation]. After using this technology, the author(s) reviewed and edited the content as necessary, taking full responsibility for the final published text.

If no generative AI tool has been used, this declaration is not required.

RCBC reinforces its commitment to ethics in scientific publishing and transparency in the use of emerging technologies, ensuring that all editorial practices comply with the highest international guidelines.

RCBC follows the Sex and Gender Equity in Research (SAGER) guidelines, which guide the reporting of sex and gender information in study design, data analysis, interpretation, and dissemination of results.

Authors must:

• Integrate sex and gender analysis into study design whenever research involves humans, animals, or eukaryotic cells.
• Specify how sex and gender concepts were considered or justify their absence, highlighting any limitations regarding the generalization of findings.
• Clearly define the terms used, avoiding ambiguity or confusion between sex (biological attributes) and gender (social construct).

For greater precision, authors are encouraged to consult SAGER’s guidelines: Sex and Gender Equity in Research. They provide a comprehensive framework for reporting sex and gender information in study design, data analysis, results, and interpretation.

All studies involving human beings or human tissue must comply with the Declaration of Helsinki  and must have been approved by the local Institutional Research Ethics Committee. Accordingly, in the Methods section, authors must specify the approval (CAAE number and opinion number for Brazil) and the Ethics Committee that reviewed the study.

Experimental studies involving animals must follow the standards established in the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals (Institute of Laboratory Animal Resources, National Academy of Sciences, Washington, D.C., United States), of 1996, and the Ethical Principles in Animal Experimentation (Colégio Brasileiro de Experimentação Animal – COBEA), of 1991.

This information must be included in the Methods section, in accordance with ARRIVE recommendations and PREPARE Guidelines, thereby ensuring a robust experimental design that encompasses aspects such as research relevance, choice of animal model, handling procedures, and training of the research team.

For all animal and human studies, the sex of the subjects must be reported. If both sexes are included, the number of each must be stated, along with whether sex was considered in the statistical analysis. If only one sex was included, a justification must be provided. For cell culture studies, the sex of the primary or tissue-derived cells must be specified. Authors are encouraged to indicate the sex of cell lines as well. If materials from both sexes were used without distinction, this must be stated clearly.

All articles published in the Revista do Colégio Brasileiro de Cirurgiões (RCBC) are licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC-BY 4.0). This means that the content may be copied, distributed, displayed, adapted, and reused for any purpose, including commercial use, provided proper attribution is given to the author(s) and RCBC, with a complete citation of the original publication. Full license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.pt. Authors retain unrestricted copyright and, in exchange, grant the journal the right of first publication.

The intellectual property of published content belongs to the authors, as established by the CC-BY 4.0 license. The RCBC website, its brand, visual identity, and information architecture are protected by their own copyrights and are not covered by the CC-BY license. Any reuse or adaptation of the journal’s technical content must refer exclusively to scientific articles, not extending to the layout, logos, or systems of the editorial platform.

Authors retain unrestricted copyright over their manuscripts and, by submitting to RCBC, grant the journal the right of first publication. Authors bear full responsibility for the published content, including accuracy of information, originality of the work, and compliance with ethical standards. 

RCBC encourages authors to self-archive their accepted manuscripts, including in institutional repositories, personal blogs, academic networks, and social media, provided the full citation of the published version is included.

The CC-BY 4.0 license does not automatically apply to third-party materials (such as figures, tables, or images) with specific copyright notices. The use of such content requires explicit permission from copyright holders or proof that it is under equally permissive licenses. It is the responsibility of the author(s) to ensure that any third-party content included in the manuscript is duly licensed or authorized for use and redistribution under the terms of publication.

Daniel Cacione, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista de Medicina, UNIFESP/EPM, São Paulo, SP, BR. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/7260876757287907, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4911-3105, E-mail: editorchefe@cbc.org.br

Edna Frasson de Souza Montero, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brasil. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/2841222962564489, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1437-1219, E-mail: coeditor@cbc.org.br

Flavio Daniel Saavedra Tomasich, Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, Paraná/PR, Brasil. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/7723541236478209, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7219-0374, E-mail: presidente@cbc.org.br

Paulo Roberto Corsi, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Santa Casa de São Paulo, Departamento de Cirurgia, São Paulo, SP, Brasil. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/8712080023080689, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5919-946X

Pedro Eder Portari Filho, Universidade Federal Do Estado Do Rio De Janeiro (UNIRIO), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/0747855927899626, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9676-6358, 

Luiz Gustavo Oliveira e Silva, Hospital Federal de Ipanema, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/2073342084886249, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0006-7571-6857

Dario Birolini, Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina (FMUS), São Paulo, SP, Brasil. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/7731119168634674, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4519-4879.

Gaspar de Jesus Lopes Filho, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista de Medicina (UNIFESP/EPM), São Paulo, SP, Brasil. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/3518607824692081, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9344-6479

Heládio Feitosa de Castro Filho, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Fortaleza, Ceará/CE, Brasil. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/9224362344619289, 

José Eduardo Ferreira Manso, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Faculdade de Medicina, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro/RJ, Brasil. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/3268378091955961, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9694-7415

Osvaldo Malafaia, Universidade Federal da Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, Paraná/PR, Brasil. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/0300957415364593, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1829-7071

Roberto Saad Junior, Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo, Hospital Central, Departamento de Cirurgia, São Paulo, SP. Brasil. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/8050283645920945, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1295-5659

Samir Rasslan, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Santa Casa de São Paulo, Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina USP, Departamento de Cirurgia, São Paulo, SP, Brasil. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/6594987310393410 , ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1800-6780

José Reinan Ramos, Ex-Presidente do Colégio Brasileiro de Cirurgiões (2006-2007), CBC, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil. 

Luiz Carlos Von Bahten, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná/PR, Brasil. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/6340540106817111, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6083-5518

Savino Gasparini Neto, Ex-Presidente do Colégio Brasileiro de Cirurgiões (2018-2019), CBC, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. 

Álvaro Antonio Bandeira Ferraz, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, Pernambuco/PE, Brasil. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/9515095477956691, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3832-3927

Cristiano Xavier Lima, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais/MG, Brasil. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/3949005798006655, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7724-890X

Daniel Perez, Asklepios Hospital Altona Hamburg, Hamburgo, Alemanha. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3154-7311

Daniele Cristina Cataneo, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo/SP, Brasil.  Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/1829404142441594, ORCID:  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3400-2309

Everton Cazzo, (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo/SP, Brasil. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/6535042279328648, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5804-1580

Julian Varas Cohen, Pontifícia Universidad Católica de Chile Escuela de Medicina, Santiago, Chile. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5828-9623

Juliana Mynssen da Fonseca Cardoso, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/4587481720106067, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8449-3882

Marcus Fernando Kodama Pertille Ramos, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná/PR, Brasil. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/3544194832689875, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0200-7858

Maria de Lourdes Biondo, Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, Paraná/PR, Brasil. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/4608112537546235, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7056-8142

Mariano Eduardo Gimenez, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1495-2956

Pedro Luiz Toledo de Arruda Lourenção, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo/SP, Brasil. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/9204865367532468, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8753-646X 

Phillipe Geraldo Teixeira de Abreu Reis, Jackson Memorial Hospital, Miami, Florida, Estados Unidos. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/1004910314273874, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6340-7738

Rodrigo Martinez de Mello Vianna, University of Miami, Jackson Memorial Hospital, Miami, Florida, Estados Unidos. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8856-7439

Sergio Henrique Bastos Damous, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brasil. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/4806860790185776 , ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1374-225X

Abrão Rapoport, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brasil. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/6800148045579373,  ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2708-7180 

Agnaldo Soares Lima, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais/MG, Brasil. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/0007851794401916, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6421-3062

Alberto Bicudo Salomão, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT), Cuiabá, Mato Grosso/MT, Brasil. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/3203372898592360, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3284-5721

Aldo da Cunha Medeiros, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Rio Grande do Norte/RN, Brasil. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/9873289951810864,  ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2372-942X

Alfredo Gragnani Filho, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) São Paulo, SP, Brasil. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/5980775290384100, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5913-7114

Andy Petroianu, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais/MG, Brasil. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/2994208795860340, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8659-6866

Antonio Carlos Ligocki Campos, Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, Paraná/PR, Brasil. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/6013394303815901, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5080-8380

Antonio Carlos Valezi, Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL), Londrina, Paraná/PR, Brasil. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/1296699332855093, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3940-1525

Antonio Jose Gonçalves, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Santa Casa São Paulo (FCMSCSP), São Paulo, SP, Brasil. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/1289845559551861, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4376-2059 

Armando Geraldo Franchini Melani, IRCAD América Latina, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/6582580773102848, ORCID:  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5606-9651

Bruno Monteiro Tavares Pereira, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo/SP, Brasil. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3763-1749, Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/4315015345493261 

Carlos Anselmo Lima, Universidade Federal de Sergipe (UFSE), Aracaju, Sergipe/SE, Brasil. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/4530935898675792, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1019-0584

Carlos Teixeira Brandt, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, Pernambuco/PE, Brasil. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/4540675807816003, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0701-386X

Cláudio José Caldas Bresciani, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, BR. Lattes:  http://lattes.cnpq.br/1269395118263224, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4444-4792 

Cleyton Dias Souza, Hospital de Amor Barretos, Barretos, São Paulo/SP, Brasil. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/2687985840650233,  ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6063-8159

Dan Linetzky Waitzberg, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brasil. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/9620060759784508, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9196-9372

Domingos André Fernandes Drumond, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais/MG, Brasil. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/3102270061378013, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2240-7672

Eduardo Neubarth Trindade, Universidade Federal do RIO Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul/RS, Brasil. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/2813999221312941, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0491-0736

Eduardo Brommelstroet  Ramos, Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR) Curitiba, Paraná/PR, Brasil. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/1054745254459348

Elias Jirjoss Ilias, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Santa Casa de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil. Lattes:  http://lattes.cnpq.br/7002163740136518, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0765-2813

Everson Luis De Almeida Artifon, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP,  BR. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/1987687807265664, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1900-8777

Fabricio Ferreira Coelho, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brasil. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/4972527935743841, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5290-8286

Fátima Carneiro Fernandes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/3355552943134376, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2628-1333

Fausto Miranda Junior, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brasil. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/0032704511396445, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2954-8638

Flavio Daniel Saavedra Tomasich, Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, Paraná/PR, Brasil. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/7723541236478209, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7219-0374

Flavio G. Rocha, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, Estados Unidos. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1656-5108 

Francisco Tustumi, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brasil. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/1615685004368061, ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6695-0496

Guilherme Brasileiro de Aguiar, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Santa Casa de São Paulo (FCMSCSP), São Paulo, SP, Brasil. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/7422389272561042, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3206-2081

Gustavo Peixoto Soares Miguel, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES), Vitória, Espírito Santo/ES, Brasil. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/7361839237197842, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3691-4093

Hamilton Petry de Souza, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUC-RS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul/RS, Brasil. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/1518519662069542, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5687-2439

Haroldo Vieira de Moraes Jr, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/7759065290615998, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2562-6942

Henrique Murad, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/0191281400629003, ORCID:  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9543-7832

Ilka de Fatima Pereira Boin, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo/SP, Brasil. Lattes:  http://lattes.cnpq.br/5415585177439707, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1165-2149 

Irami Araujo Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Rio Grande do Norte/RN, Brasil. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/3975706297235540, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2471-7447 

José Eduardo de Aguilar-Nascimento, Universidade Federal De Mato Grosso (UFMT), Cuiabá, Mato Grosso/MT, Brasil. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/0439577158192249, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3583-6612

José Mauro da Silva Rodrigues, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo (PUC-SP), São Paulo, SP, Brasil. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/7262088027783523, ORCID:  https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4879-7373

José Sérgio Franco, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/1636686389631569, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4964-0979

Júlio Cezar Uili Coelho, Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, Paraná/PR, Brasil. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/1025597394218044, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0524-3936, 

Julio Mayol, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Hospital Clinico San Carlos, Madrid, Espanha. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2411-6668 

Kátia Sheylla Malta Purim, Universidade Positivo (UP), Curitiba, Paraná/PR, Brasil. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/9619940789680121 ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9982-6408

Leonardo Emilio da Silva, Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG), Goiânia, Goiás/GO, Brasil. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/0016679496054418, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1612-0344

Lisieux Eyer de Jesus, Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF), Niterói, Rio de Janeiro/RJ, Brasil. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/0158646977947724, ORCID:  https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0308-1152

Lúcio Filgueiras Pacheco Moreira, Hospital Quinta D’or, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/5055991152180175, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8812-3707

Marcelo Augusto F. Ribeiro Jr, University of Maryland - R Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Center, Baltimore, United States. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/5973050431771255, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9826-4722 

Marcelo Langer Wroclawski, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, SP, Brasil. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4195-3652

Marco Antonio Correa Guimaraes Filho, Hospital Universitário Pedro Ernesto (HUPE), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/6349452235316452, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4601-1042

Maria de Lourdes Biondo, Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, Paraná/PR, Brasil. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/4608112537546235, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7056-8142

Maurício Augusto S. Magalhães Costa, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil. Lattes:  http://lattes.cnpq.br/6897046712843658, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8094-5511

Miguel Sabino Neto, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) São Paulo, SP, Brasil. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/2430172074494397, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2847-9386

Nelson Adami Andreollo, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo/SP, Brasil. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/6300296790217820, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7452-1165 

Omar Vilca Mejia, Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (HCFMUSP), São Paulo, SP, Brasil. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/2419065518576568, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1635-4984

Orlando Jorge Martins Torres, Universidade Federal do Maranhão (UFMA), São Luís, Maranhã/MA, Brasil. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/6448439573128558, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7398-5395

Paulo Herman, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brasil. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/7428163118766273, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2859-5846

Pedro Portari Filho, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/0747855927899626, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9676-6358

Ramiro Colleoni, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista de Medicina, UNIFESP/EPM, São Paulo, SP, Brasil. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/0556353538859980, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002- 5429-3692

Ricardo Mingarini Terra, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brasil. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/0773937919482261, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8577-8708 

Roberto Campos Meirelles, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/7797762532258905, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2478-9248

Rogerio Aparecido Dedivitis, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brasil. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/3071654720277304,  ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6267-1147

Ronald Luiz Gomes Flumignan, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brasil. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/6751410694690699, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6440-8011

Rubens Antonio Aissar Sallum, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina, (HCFM), São Paulo, SP, Brasil. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/7374838472019357, ORCID:  https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1823-0042

Ruy J Cruz Junior, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, Estados Unidos. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5290-9978 

Sergio Roll, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Santa Casa de São Paulo (FCMSCSP), São Paulo, SP, Brasil. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/5033084687660385, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4381-5969

Tércio de Campos, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Santa Casa de São Paulo (FCMSCSP), São Paulo, SP, Brasil. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/7293351764085916, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3927-4530

Ulysses Ribeiro Jr, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brasil. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/9157688546548677, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1711-7347 

Vincenzo Giordano, Hospital Municipal Miguel Couto, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/7218152533148950,  ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4429-312X, 

Vivian Resende, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais/MG, Brasil. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/1290681403759825. ORCID:  https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4400-0427

Wilson Cintra Junior, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brasil. Lattes: http://lattes.cnpq.br/3113815886339311, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0892-2486,

Publishing Assistant
Julia Castro Neves

Graphic design 
HG Design Digital

Journalist
Victor Ferreira Gimenes - MTB 30686

RCBC accepts the following types of manuscripts, with their respective abstract limits, text length, and maximum number of references:

• Original Articles: Complete reports of observational or experimental clinical research, regardless of whether it presents positive or negative results, and which use appropriate and reliable methods. Original articles should be 3,500 to 5,000 words long and contain 50 references.
• Review Articles: Manuscripts that employ systematic methods and explicit criteria to identify, select, and critically evaluate relevant research, and to collect and analyze data from the studies included in the review. This category includes systematic reviews with or without meta-analysis, integrative reviews, and scoping reviews. Narrative reviews will not be accepted except at the request of the Journal's editors. Reviews must contain 7,000 words and 75 references.
  Systematic reviews and meta-analyses: must provide the protocol registration number from one of the following databases: PROSPERO,  Open Science Framework (OSF), INPLASY, JBI (Joanna Briggs Institute).
  Scoping and Integrative Reviews: must adhere to methodological rigor exemplified in the following article: Arksey, Hilary, and Lisa O’Malley. Scoping Studies: Towards a Methodological Framework. Int J Social Res Method. 2005; 8(1):19–32. doi:10.1080/1364557032000119616. 
• Study Protocols: Clinical trial protocols, randomized or not, and systematic reviews with high relevance to the scientific community and high methodological rigor will be considered for publication. Protocols must contain 5,000 words and 50 references. Systematic review protocols and clinical trial protocols are accepted in this section.
• Letters to the Editor: Scientific comments or comments on controversies regarding articles published in RCBC. Letters to the editor should be addressed to the lead author of the article in question, so that they can respond. Both letters will be published in the same issue of the journal, and no replies will be allowed. If the lead author of the article addressed in a letter to the editor does not respond, the letter will be published in its original form, provided the editor-in-chief deems it relevant. The Letter to the Editor should be a maximum of 1,000 words long and include up to 10 references. 
• Editorial: Invited manuscripts addressing current issues may be requested by the editor-in-chief from authors of recognized technical and scientific ability. They may also be submitted as opinions on controversial or scientifically relevant topics.
  The Editorial must not exceed 1,000 words and may include up to 10 references.
• Technical Note: Manuscripts describing innovative surgical procedures or medical devices in the early stages of development. RCBC adopts the IDEAL-D framework (Idea, Development, Exploration, Assessment, Long-term Follow-up for Devices) for the evaluation of surgical innovations. Technical notes are appropriate for reports corresponding to the initial stages of the framework: Stage 0 (Preclinical Phase) – description of new concepts, prototypes, or techniques developed in a laboratory setting, including bench studies, simulation, or animal experimentation, prior to first use in humans; and Stage 1 (First-in-Human Use) – description of a new technique or device, typically involving a small number of selected patients, with emphasis on demonstrating feasibility and initial safety. Manuscripts must describe the technique in detail, include risk assessment, and provide a comprehensive discussion of potential benefits and limitations. Studies at more advanced stages of development (exploratory, evaluative, or long-term follow-up) should be submitted as original articles. The manuscript must contain up to 3,000 words and up to 30 references.

Clinical Trial Registration

RCBC supports initiatives that promote transparency, reproducibility, and communication of clinical trials, ensuring the dissemination of reliable and open-access information. 

RCBC follows the guidelines of the World Health Organization (WHO) and the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE), which establish the mandatory prior registration of clinical trials on recognized public platforms.

Therefore, only interventional clinical trial articles with a registration number obtained from a recognized platform before the first participant was enrolled will be accepted for publication.

Accepted Registrations

Clinical trials must be registered in one of the following databases validated by the WHO and the ICMJE:

• Brazilian Clinical Trials Registry (REBEC) 
• WHO ICTRP (International Clinical Trials Registry Platform) 
• ClinicalTrials.gov (EUA)

The clinical trial registration number (TRN) and the registration date must be included in the last line of the manuscript abstract. Clinical trials not previously registered will not be considered for publication.

Transparent Reporting – CONSORT Statement

To ensure quality and transparency in the publication of clinical trials, RCBC recommends that manuscripts follow the CONSORT Statement (Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials) guidelines.

The CONSORT Statement offers a standardized template for reporting clinical trials, including a CONSORT flow diagram and a checklist to ensure that all essential information is present in the manuscript.

MANUSCRIPTS THAT DO NOT MEET THIS REQUIREMENT WILL BE RETURNED.

RCBC adopts the CRediT (Contributor Roles Taxonomy) authorship role taxonomy, available at: https://credit.niso.org/. This approach allows for an accurate and standardized description of individual authors' contributions to submitted manuscripts.

• The corresponding author is responsible for ensuring that information about each author's contribution is accurate, complete, and agreed upon by all authors.
• All authors' roles must be indicated during the submission process, based on the CRediT taxonomy categories. 
• One single author can perform multiple roles.
• The adoption of CRediT does not change RCBC's criteria for defining authorship, but it does provide greater transparency regarding each participant's contributions.

People who contributed to the work but did not meet the authorship criteria should be mentioned in the Acknowledgments section.

Changes to the author list (additions, removals, or changes in order) after the initial submission require the formal consent of all authors, including those who are removed. The corresponding author should act as the primary point of contact between the author team and the editorial team, keeping all co-authors informed and involved in decisions regarding the manuscript.

The Single Author Declaration Form required at the time of submission also includes a statement of responsibility for the content presented.

RCBC strongly encourages authors to ensure that manuscripts meet the quality standards established by the Enhancing the Quality and Transparency of Health Research Network (EQUATOR). EQUATOR is a directory that provides guidelines aimed at improving the reliability of published health research literature by promoting transparent and accurate reporting.

RCBC requires that each manuscript includes the completed EQUATOR checklist file (identifying the manuscript page where each item can be found), according to the study design, as a Supplementary File.

Manuscripts should be prepared in a single-column format, using simple formatting (Times New Roman or Arial, size 10–12, double-spaced, with 2.5 cm margins on all sides). The following word processor file formats are acceptable: Microsoft Word (DOC, DOCX) or Rich Text Format (RTF).

RCBC adopts a double-anonymous peer review process, which means that the authors' identities are hidden from the reviewers and vice versa. Therefore, it is requested that the following documents be included separately.

Title Page

• Titles should be clear, concise, and descriptive, with a maximum of 200 characters, and optimized for search engines. The title should accurately reflect the article’s content and include keywords within the first 65 characters. Avoid using terms that indicate any regional reference. For manuscripts in Portuguese, provide the title in English.
• Clearly indicate the first and last names of each author and ensure that all names are spelled correctly. 
• Each author's affiliation should include the following information: university, department, city, zip code, country, institutional email address, and ORCID (all authors must have an ORCID - Open Researcher and Contributor ID).
• Indicate the corresponding author throughout all stages of review and publication, which assumes responsibility for answering any future questions about the study. Ensure that the corresponding author's email address is provided and that contact information is kept up to date.
• All contributors who do not meet the authorship criteria should be listed in the Acknowledgments section, as well as financial support from funding agencies.

Main Text: The main text should contain the following information, as per the table below.

Checklist – Manuscript Structure

• Abstract: Include the manuscript abstract, immediately after the title, without any identifying information about the authors. The Abstract should be structured in accordance with the category and format of the manuscript. The maximum word count must adhere to the specific recommendations established for each type of manuscript (Types of Accepted Documents).
• Keywords: Include three to five keywords in English, aligned with the content of the article. It is recommended to consult the DeCS Finder and MeSH on Demand tools to select standardized and internationally recognized descriptors.
• Abbreviations and Terminology: Abbreviations should be kept to a minimum and limited to terms mentioned repeatedly, as long as they do not alter the understanding of the text, and should be defined upon first use. RCBC adopts the Official Universal Anatomical Terminology, approved by the International Federation of Associations of Anatomists (IFAA).
• Measurement Units: Values of physical quantities should be referenced according to the standards of the International System of Units.
• Funding: All sources of research funding (if any), as well as the project number and responsible institution, must be declared. The role of funding agencies in the study design and collection, analysis, and interpretation of data, and in writing the manuscript, should be stated in the Acknowledgments section.
• Acknowledgments: Acknowledgments should be made to individuals who made significant contributions to the research.

Tables

• Tables should be organized clearly and objectively, avoiding redundancies within the text. If using table grids, use only one grid per table, not one grid for each row. If not using grids, align columns with tabs, avoiding spaces.
• To minimize errors, it is recommended to use your word processor's spelling and grammar check functions.
• Tables should be submitted in editable .doc or .docx files, allowing for adjustments during the editorial process.

Figures and Graphs

• Figures and graphs should be submitted in separate files, in .JPG, .GIF, or .TIF formats, with a minimum resolution of 300 dpi, ensuring adequate quality for publication.
• In the main text of the manuscript, the exact position where each figure or graph should be inserted must be indicated.
• If the figures have been previously published, authors must present written permission from the copyright holder and properly cite the original source.

References should be relevant and up-to-date, ensuring that the data presented are based on the best available evidence.

Whenever possible, the use of references with DOI (Digital Object Identifier) is recommended, as this guarantees a permanent link to the electronic article. References should follow Vancouver Style and be listed in numerical sequence as cited in the text.

If studies with similar content have been previously published in RCBC, authors are encouraged to consider them as references.

The following should not be included in the numbered reference list:

• Personal communications and unpublished data, which should be cited in parentheses in the text. If the citation is from a third party (and not the authors), a signed letter of permission must be attached.
• References to conference proceedings, abstracts, or theses are often not peer-reviewed and may not be accessible to readers.
• Citations from books and book chapters should be avoided unless essential to the context. References to peer-reviewed articles are always preferred.

Authors are responsible for the veracity, accuracy, and formatting of references and should carefully check each citation against the original source. 

Examples of references:

• Articles with DOI: Zhang M, Holman CD, Price SD, Sanfilippo FM, Preen DB, Bulsara MK. Comorbidity and repeat admission to hospital for adverse drug reactions in older adults: retrospective cohort study. BMJ. 2009 Jan 7;338:a2752. doi: 10.1136/bmj.a275
• Preprint: Bar DZ, Atkatsh K, Tavarez U, Erdos MR, Gruenbaum Y, Collins FS. Biotinylation by antibody recognition- A novel method for proximity labeling. BioRxiv 069187 [Preprint]. 2016 [cited 2017 Jan 12]. Available from: https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/069187v1
• Citation and Referencing Research Data and Other Content: RCBC encourages citing data files, program code, and other underlying or relevant content in your manuscript by citing them in the text and including the data reference in References.  RCBC endorses the FORCE 11 Data Citation (https://www.force11.org/datacitationprinciples) which states that all publicly available datasets be fully referenced in the reference list with an accession number or unique identifier such as a Digital Object Identifier (DOI). For more information, see: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK7273/#A57722

Submission Process

Manuscripts may only be submitted to RCBC through the online platform, which can be accessed on the Brazilian College of Surgeons’ journal website (https://revistadocbc.org.br/) or directly through the submission platform https://rcbc.submitcentral.com.br/login.php.

If the manuscript is approved, authors must also submit:

• Proof of payment of the publication fee of R$ 2,500.00  (two thousand and five hundred reais  / US$ 500.00 (five hundred dollars). If the first or last author is a member of the CBC in good standing, the fee will be R$ 1,500.00 (one thousand and five hundred reais) / US$ 300.00 (three hundred dollars). 
• This fee will be valid for articles approved as of June 2025.
• Translated article and certificate attesting to the quality and authenticity of the translation.

When submitting to the RCBC, authors must submit the following documents:

• Research Ethics Committee Approval;
• Single Author Declaration Form;
• Title Page;
• Manuscript.
• Equator Checklist - duly completed (identify the page of the manuscript where each item can be found), according to the study design as a Supplementary File, according to the study design (e.g., CONSORT for randomized clinical trials, STROBE for observational studies, STARD for diagnostic and prognostic studies, among others).

For approved manuscripts: Authors must provide a certificate attesting to the quality of the translation. The translation certificate for the approved article should be sent to: revista@cbc.org.br.

“Revista do Colégio de Cirurgiões” is sponsored by the CBC through:

• Annual membership fees;
• Article publication fees, as described above.

After editorial acceptance, RCBC initiates the publication preparation process, as described below.

• English Translation: All approved articles will be translated into English by professionals appointed by the RCBC. Authors will be informed if adjustments to the original text are necessary to adapt it to the translation.
• Word Proof with Technical Reading: Once the translation is complete, the corresponding author will receive a proof of the manuscript in Word format (.doc or .docx), containing the adjustments and comments made by the technical reading and editorial standardization team. The deadline for returning corrections is four (4) calendar days. Should any pending issues or inconsistencies be identified, the editorial team will contact the author until the text version is finalized.
• Layout and Final Proof in PDF: After the text version is finalized, the article will be laid out according to RCBC's graphic standards.
• The corresponding author will then receive the final proof in PDF format, which represents the version ready for publication. This must be carefully reviewed, and requested corrections must be limited to typographical or formatting errors. Changes to the scientific content, wording, or author list will not be accepted at this stage. To view the PDF file, the use of the free Adobe Acrobat Reader software is recommended: http://get.adobe.com/reader.
• Deadline for Return of Final Proof: The corresponding author must return the revised proof by email within 48 hours of receipt. After final approval, the article will be submitted for publication in the official version of the journal.

Brazilian College of Surgeons
Rua Visconde Silva, 52 - 3º andar Botafogo
Rio de Janeiro/RJ - Zip Code: 22271-092
Phone: +55 (21) 2138-0650