Abstract
All organisms of our planet are evolutionarily related throughout its genetic material composed by DNA. The discovery of the structure of this macromolecule together with the restriction enzymes and Taq polimerase made possible the sprouting of a series of technologies. Parallel to the classic methods these technologies have been used in the taxonomic identification, genetic characterization, and comparisons of the most diverse organism groups. It has allowed knowing the extension of the planet biodiversity and also the degree of similarity between plants, animals and man. The knowledge of the uniqueness of each species genome makes urgent the necessity of know to preserve.
Key words:
molecular markers; DNA.