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Bariatric surgery and eating disorders: integrative review

ABSTRACT

Objective

To conduct a revision about disordered eating and eating disorders related to bariatric surgery.

Methods

Integrative literature’s review on databases PubMed, Lilacs, Bireme, portal SciELO using indexed keywords; inclusion criteria was provide data about the presence or frequency of eating disorders or disordered eating behaviors previously and/or after surgery.

Results

One hundred and fifty studies were selected (14 in Brazil and 136 other countries): 80.6% were evaluation of patient’s pre or post-surgery; 12% were case studies and 7.3% were revision studies. Diverse scales and questionnaires were used for evaluation, mostly the Questionnaire on Eating and Weight Patterns, the Binge Eating Scale and the Eating Disorders Examination Questionnaire. Binge eating was the most common behavior evaluated, with frequencies/prevalence from 2% to 94%; for Binge Eating Disorder frequencies/prevalence’s range from 3% to 61%. Studies also describe anorexia and bulimia nervosa, night eating syndrome and grazing. Some studies point improvement of symptoms while others call attention for the emergence or aggravation of problems.

Conclusion

Despite the variability among methods and results, the presence of disordered eating behaviors is highly frequent among bariatric surgery candidates, and could emerge or get worse after surgery. Health care providers must consider carefully these problems due their impact on surgery results and quality of life.

Bariatric surgery; eating disorders; obesity; review; gastroplasty

Instituto de Psiquiatria da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Av. Venceslau Brás, 71 Fundos, 22295-140 Rio de Janeiro - RJ Brasil, Tel./Fax: (55 21) 3873-5510 - Rio de Janeiro - RJ - Brazil
E-mail: editora@ipub.ufrj.br