Same-sex sexual interactions: an evolutionary perspective

Cezar, Leonardo; Pisaneschi, Felipe; Valentova, Jaroslava Varella; Delval, Irene

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Artigo • Psicol. USP 33 • 2022 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-6564e210068 copy

Same-sex sexual interactions: an evolutionary perspective

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

From an evolutionary point of view, same-sex sexual interactions have long been considered a major paradox. This is because they have persisted throughout generations despite, presumably, not offering direct reproductive benefits and, apparently, reducing individual fitness. Nonetheless, same-sex sexual interactions are common in many animal species. This paper reviews some functional hypotheses that seek to solve this evolutionary puzzle: some consider it adaptative, meaning that these behaviors would bring benefits to individuals; others see it as a neutral by-product of other advantageous characteristics. A third branch understand same-sex sexual interactions to be non-adaptative and potentially deleterious to individuals. Finally, this paper discusses a revolutionary hypothesis that, unprecedently, questions whether sexual interactions involving exclusively individuals of the opposite sex are in fact the basal state of sexual behavior.

Keywords:
indiscriminate sexual behavior; homosexuality; sexuality; phylogeny; Darwinian paradox

Hipóteses	Espécie	Sexo	Referência
Adaptativas
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Estreitamento de laços	Tursiops sp.	M	Mann (2006Mann, J. (2006). Establishing trust: Socio-sexual behaviour and the development of male-male bonds among Indian Ocean bottlenose dolphins. In V. Sommer & P. L. Vasey (Eds.), Homosexual behaviour in animals: An evolutionary perspective (pp. 107-130). Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.)
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Neutras
Reforço hedonista	Homo sapiens	M F	Menezes & Brito (2007Menezes, A. B. C., & Brito, R. C. S. (2007). Reflexão sobre a homossexualidade como subproduto da evolução do prazer. Psicologia em Estudo, 12(1), 133-139. https://doi.org/10.1590/s1413-73722007000100016 https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1590/... )
	Macaca fuscata	F	Vasey & Duckworth (2006Vasey, P. L. (2006). The pursuit of pleasure: Homosexual behaviour, sexual reward and evolutionary history in Japanese macaques. In V. Sommer & P. L. Vasey (Eds.), Homosexual behaviour in animals: An evolutionary perspective (pp. 191-219). Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press .)
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		M F	VanderLaan & Vasey (2008VanderLaan, D. P., & Vasey, P. L. (2008). Mate retention behavior of men and women in heterosexual and homosexual relationships. Archives of Sexual Behavior , 37(4), 572-585. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-006-9139-y https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/... )
		M F	Zietsch et al., (2008Zietsch, B. P., Morley, K. I., Shekar, S. N., Verweij, K. J. H., Keller, M. C., Macgregor, S.,. . . Martin, N. G. (2008). Genetic factors predisposing to homosexuality may increase mating success in heterosexuals. Evolution and Human Behavior , 29(6), 424-433. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2008.07.002 https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/... )
Antagonismo sexual	Homo sapiens	M	Camperio-Ciani et al. (2004Camperio-Ciani, A., Corna, F., & Capiluppi, C. (2004). Evidence for maternally inherited factors favouring male homosexuality and promoting female fecundity. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 271(1554), 2217-2221. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2004.2872 https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1098/... )
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		M	Iemmola & Camperio-Ciani (2009Iemmola, F., & Camperio-Ciani, A. (2009). New evidence of genetic factors influencing sexual orientation in men: Female fecundity increase in the maternal line. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 38(3), 393-399. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-008-9381-6 https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/... )
Hierarquia ou cooperação	Homo sapiens	M F	Werner (2006)
Não-adaptativas ^a
Erro na identificação	Drosophila melanogaster	M	Zhang & Odenwald (1995Zhang, S. D., & Odenwald, W. F. (1995). Misexpression of the white (w) gene triggers male-male courtship in Drosophila. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 92(12), 5525-5529. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.92.12.5525 https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1073/... )
		M	Macchiano et al. (2018Macchiano, A., Razik, I., & Sagot, M. (2018). Same-sex courtship behaviors in male-biased populations: Evidence for the mistaken identity hypothesis. Acta Ethologica, 21(3), 147-151. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10211-018-0293-8 https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/... )
	Teleogryllus oceanicus	M	N. W. Bailey & French (2012Bailey, N. W., & French, N. (2012). Same-sex sexual behaviour and mistaken identity in male field crickets, Teleogryllus oceanicus. Animal Behaviour, 84(4), 1031-1038. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anbehav.2012.08.001 https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/... )
	Várias espécies de invertebrados	M	Scharf & Martin (2013Scharf, I., & Martin, O. Y. (2013). Same-sex sexual behavior in insects and arachnids: Prevalence, causes, and consequences. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 67(11), 1719-1730. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00265-013-1610-x https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/... )
Efeito prisão	Poecilia reticulata	M	Field & Waite (2004Field, K. L., & Waite, T. A. (2004). Absence of female conspecifics induces homosexual behaviour in male guppies. Animal Behaviour , 68(6), 1381-1389. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anbehav.2003.12.022 https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/... )
	Ischnura elegans	M	Van Gossum et al. (2005Van Gossum, H., De Bruyn, L., & Stoks, R. (2005). Reversible switches between male-male and male-female mating behaviour by male damselflies. Biology Letters, 1(3), 268-270. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2005.0315 https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1098/... )
	Carpodacus mexicanus	M	McGraw & Hill (1999McGraw, K. J., & Hill, G. E. (1999). Induced homosexual behaviour in male house finches (Carpodacus mexicanus): The “Prisoner Effect”. Ethology Ecology and Evolution, 11(2), 197-201. https://doi.org/10.1080/08927014.1999.9522837 https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/... )

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