Introduction to artificial spin systems

Originally aimed at reproducing phenomena found in crystalline analogs, artificial spin systems have claimed their own phenomenology, leading to a new line of research of considerable interest in condensed matter physics. The exploration of network architectures, materials, and magnetic mapping techniques has not only provided a better understanding of the relationship between phenomena and statistical models but also allowed the study of interesting exotic phenomena not found in nature. This combination of elements has also led to proposals for applications in technological devices, mainly related to unconventional computing, magnetic logic, and information technology. This article aims to introduce artificial spin systems, particularly artificial spin ices, to advanced undergraduate students, early graduate students, and researchers interested in beginning their studies on the subject.

Keywords:
Nanomagnetism; artificial spin systems; statistical physics