Efeitos da nicotina na cicatrização intestinal em ratos

Medeiros, Aldo da Cunha; Carvalho, Maria Goretti Freire de; Medeiros, Marinaldo Horácio de Oliveira; Uchôa, Raquel Araújo Costa

doi:10.1590/S0100-69911999000600010

Resumos

É grande o número de pessoas que inalam nicotina diariamente através do hábito de fumar e eventualmente têm que ser submetidos a intervenção cirúrgica no aparelho digestivo. Sendo a nicotina um agente que tem sido implicado no retardo da cicatrização das feridas, foi realizado estudo experimental em ratos com o objetivo de testar o seu efeito na evolução histológica da cicatrização de anastomoses intestinais. Foram utilizados 17 ratos Wistar com média de peso 275±14g, divididos aleatoriamente em grupo I (n=9) e grupo II (n=8), anestesiados com éter sulfúrico e operados com técnica asséptica. A nicotina foi administrada por via subcutânea na dose de 5mg/kg em dias alternados, durante 17 dias nos ratos do grupo I e foi usado placebo no grupo II. Após sete dias de uso da nicotina e do placebo, foi feita secção transversal do jejuno a 5 cm do duodeno e anastomose com polipropileno 6-0. No décimo dia os ratos foram mortos com superdose de éter sulfúrico e foi feita biópsia da anastomose. Após processamento dos cortes histológicos e coloração pela hematoxilina-eosina, os dados foram quantificados por escores. A análise histológica revelou que o grupo I atingiu o escore 135 (média 15±4,41) e o grupo II, 218 (média 27,25±4,89). De acordo com o teste t, a diferença mostrou-se significativa (p<0,05). Os dados permitem concluir que a nicotina, quando administrada por via subcutânea em ratos, contribui para prejudicar a cicatrização de anastomoses intestinais.

Nicotina; Cicatrização; Anastomose intestinal

It is great the number of patients that inhale nicotine daily through the habit of smoking and eventually they have to be submitted to operations in the digestive tract. Being the nicoti11e an agent that has been implied in the retard of wound healing, an experimental study was accomplished in rats in order to test its effect in the histological evolution of the healing of intestinal anastomosis. Seventeen Wistar rats weighting 275 ± 14g were used. They were randomly divided in group I (n=9) and group II (n=8), anesthetized with sulfuric ether and operated with aseptic technique. The nicotine was administered subcutaneously in the dose of 5mg/kg in alternate days, during 17 days in the group I rats, and placebo was used in the group II. After seven days of nicotine and placebo use, the jejunum was sectioned and an anastomosis was done with polipropilene 6-0. In the 10th day the rats were killed with overdose of sulfuric ether and a biopsy of the anastomosis was made. The seccions were processed and colored with hematoxiline-eosine and the histological data were quantified through scores. The histological analysis revealed that the group I reached the score 135 (average 15±4,41) and the group II 218 (average 27,25±4,89). In agreement with the t test, the difference was significant (p <0,05). The data allow to conclude that the nicotine, when administered subcutaneously in rats, contributes to retard the healing of intestinal anastomoses.

Nicotine; Wound healing; Intestinal anastomosis

ARTIGOS ORIGINAIS

Efeitos da nicotina na cicatrização intestinal em ratos

Effects of nicotine in the intestinal healing in rats

Aldo da Cunha Medeiros, TCBC-RN^I; Maria Goretti Freire de Carvalho^II; Marinaldo Horácio de Oliveira Medeiros^III; Raquel Araújo Costa Uchôa^III

^IProfessor Adjunto Chefe do Núcleo de Cirurgia Experimental da UFRN. Doutorem Cirurgia. Pesquisador do CNPq

^IIDoutora em Patologia. Professora do Departamento de Patologia da UFRN

^IIIAluno Bolsista de Iniciação Científica do CNPq

^{Endereço para correspondência} Endereço para correspondência: Dr. Aldo da Cunha Medeiros Av. Miguel Alcides Araújo, 1889 59078-270 - Natal - RN

RESUMO

É grande o número de pessoas que inalam nicotina diariamente através do hábito de fumar e eventualmente têm que ser submetidos a intervenção cirúrgica no aparelho digestivo. Sendo a nicotina um agente que tem sido implicado no retardo da cicatrização das feridas, foi realizado estudo experimental em ratos com o objetivo de testar o seu efeito na evolução histológica da cicatrização de anastomoses intestinais. Foram utilizados 17 ratos Wistar com média de peso 275±14g, divididos aleatoriamente em grupo I (n=9) e grupo II (n=8), anestesiados com éter sulfúrico e operados com técnica asséptica. A nicotina foi administrada por via subcutânea na dose de 5mg/kg em dias alternados, durante 17 dias nos ratos do grupo I e foi usado placebo no grupo II. Após sete dias de uso da nicotina e do placebo, foi feita secção transversal do jejuno a 5 cm do duodeno e anastomose com polipropileno 6-0. No décimo dia os ratos foram mortos com superdose de éter sulfúrico e foi feita biópsia da anastomose. Após processamento dos cortes histológicos e coloração pela hematoxilina-eosina, os dados foram quantificados por escores. A análise histológica revelou que o grupo I atingiu o escore 135 (média 15±4,41) e o grupo II, 218 (média 27,25±4,89). De acordo com o teste t, a diferença mostrou-se significativa (p<0,05). Os dados permitem concluir que a nicotina, quando administrada por via subcutânea em ratos, contribui para prejudicar a cicatrização de anastomoses intestinais.

Unitermos: Nicotina; Cicatrização; Anastomose intestinal.

ABSTRACT

It is great the number of patients that inhale nicotine daily through the habit of smoking and eventually they have to be submitted to operations in the digestive tract. Being the nicoti11e an agent that has been implied in the retard of wound healing, an experimental study was accomplished in rats in order to test its effect in the histological evolution of the healing of intestinal anastomosis. Seventeen Wistar rats weighting 275 ± 14g were used. They were randomly divided in group I (n=9) and group II (n=8), anesthetized with sulfuric ether and operated with aseptic technique. The nicotine was administered subcutaneously in the dose of 5mg/kg in alternate days, during 17 days in the group I rats, and placebo was used in the group II. After seven days of nicotine and placebo use, the jejunum was sectioned and an anastomosis was done with polipropilene 6-0. In the 10th day the rats were killed with overdose of sulfuric ether and a biopsy of the anastomosis was made. The seccions were processed and colored with hematoxiline-eosine and the histological data were quantified through scores. The histological analysis revealed that the group I reached the score 135 (average 15±4,41) and the group II 218 (average 27,25±4,89). In agreement with the t test, the difference was significant (p <0,05). The data allow to conclude that the nicotine, when administered subcutaneously in rats, contributes to retard the healing of intestinal anastomoses.

Key words: Nicotine; Wound healing; Intestinal anastomosis.

Texto completo disponível apenas em PDF.

Full text available only in PDF format.

Recebido em 9/3/99

Aceito para publicação em 26/7/99

Trabalho realizado no Núcleo de Cirurgia Experimental do Departamento de Cirurgia da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte - UFRN. Apoiado pelo CNPq.

1. Mosely LH, Finseth F - Cigarette smoking impairment of digital blood flow and wound healing in the hand. Hand 1977;9:97-101.
2. Siana JE, Rex S, Gottrup F - The effect of cigarette smoking on wound healing. Scand J Plast Reconstr Surg 1989;23:207-209.
3. Ma L, Chow JYC, Yuen ST, et al - Reduction of EGF is associated with the delay of gastric ulcer healing by cigarette smoke in rats. Gastroenterology 1998;114:209-210.
4. Chow JYC, Ma L, Zhu M, et al - The potentiating actions of cigarette smoking on ethanol-induced gastric mucosal damage in rats. Gastroenterology 1997; 113:1.188-1.197.
5. Cook SO, Ryaby JP, McCabe J, et al - Acceleration of tíbia and distal radius fracture healing in patients who smoke. Clin Orthop Related Res 1997;337:198-207.
6. Ueng SWN, Lee MY, Li AFY, et al - Effect of intermittent cigarette smoke inhalation on tibial lengthening: Experimental study on rabbits. J Trauma 1997;42:231-238.
7. Jonsson K, Jensen JA, Goodson WH, et al - Tissue oxigenation, anemia, and perfusion in relation to wound healing in surgical patients. Ann Surg 214:605-613.
8. Sherwin MA, Gastwirth CM. Detrimental effects of cigarette smoking on lower extremity wound healing. J Foot Surg 1990;29:84-87.
9. Medeiros AC, Ramos AMO, Oantas Filho AM, et al - Cicatrizaçăo e ocorręncias de complicaçőes em suturas do cólon sob efeito do ácido hialurônico. Est.udo experimental. Rev Col Bras Cir 1997; 24:387-390.
10. Nolan J, Jenkins RA, Kurihara K, et al - The acute effects of cigarette smoke exposure on experimental skin flaps. Plast Reconstr Surg 1985;75:544-549.
11. Mosely LH, Finseth F, Goody M - Nicotine and its effects on wound healing. Plast Reconstr Surg 1978;61:570-575.
12. Witte MB, Barbul A - General principles of wound healing. Surg Cl North Am 1997;77:509-527.
13. Raulin LA, McPherson JC, McQuade MJ, et al - The effect of nicotine on the attachment of human fibroblasts to glass and human root surfaces in vitro. J Periodontol 1989;59:318-322.
14. Mcguire JR, Mcquade M, Rossman J, et al - Cotidine in saliva and gengival fluid of smokers with periodontal disease. J Periodontol 1989;60:176-181.
15. Piper DW, McIntosh HM, Hudson HM - Factors relevant to the prognosis of chronic duodenal ulcer. Digestion 1985;31:9-16.
16. Reus WF, Colen LB, Straker DJ - Tobacco smoking and complications in elective microsurgery. Plast Reconstr Surg 1992; 89:490- 494.
17. Rees TD - The acute effects of cigarette smoke exposure on experimental skin flaps: a discussion. Plast Reconstr Surg 1985; 75:550-551.
18. Rees TD, Liverett DM, Guy CL - The effect of cigarette smoking on skin-flap survival in the face lift patient. Plast Reconstr Surg 1984;73:911-915.

Endereço para correspondência:

Dr. Aldo da Cunha Medeiros

Av. Miguel Alcides Araújo, 1889

59078-270 - Natal - RN

Datas de Publicação

Publicação nesta coleção
24 Nov 2009
Data do Fascículo
Dez 1999

Histórico

Recebido
09 Mar 1999
Aceito
26 Jul 1999

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

[1] 1. Mosely LH, Finseth F - Cigarette smoking impairment of digital blood flow and wound healing in the hand. Hand 1977;9:97-101.

[2] 2. Siana JE, Rex S, Gottrup F - The effect of cigarette smoking on wound healing. Scand J Plast Reconstr Surg 1989;23:207-209.

[3] 3. Ma L, Chow JYC, Yuen ST, et al - Reduction of EGF is associated with the delay of gastric ulcer healing by cigarette smoke in rats. Gastroenterology 1998;114:209-210.

[4] 4. Chow JYC, Ma L, Zhu M, et al - The potentiating actions of cigarette smoking on ethanol-induced gastric mucosal damage in rats. Gastroenterology 1997; 113:1.188-1.197.

[5] 5. Cook SO, Ryaby JP, McCabe J, et al - Acceleration of tíbia and distal radius fracture healing in patients who smoke. Clin Orthop Related Res 1997;337:198-207.

[6] 6. Ueng SWN, Lee MY, Li AFY, et al - Effect of intermittent cigarette smoke inhalation on tibial lengthening: Experimental study on rabbits. J Trauma 1997;42:231-238.

[7] 7. Jonsson K, Jensen JA, Goodson WH, et al - Tissue oxigenation, anemia, and perfusion in relation to wound healing in surgical patients. Ann Surg 214:605-613.

[8] 8. Sherwin MA, Gastwirth CM. Detrimental effects of cigarette smoking on lower extremity wound healing. J Foot Surg 1990;29:84-87.

[9] 9. Medeiros AC, Ramos AMO, Oantas Filho AM, et al - Cicatrizaçăo e ocorręncias de complicaçőes em suturas do cólon sob efeito do ácido hialurônico. Est.udo experimental. Rev Col Bras Cir 1997; 24:387-390.

[10] 10. Nolan J, Jenkins RA, Kurihara K, et al - The acute effects of cigarette smoke exposure on experimental skin flaps. Plast Reconstr Surg 1985;75:544-549.

[11] 11. Mosely LH, Finseth F, Goody M - Nicotine and its effects on wound healing. Plast Reconstr Surg 1978;61:570-575.

[12] 12. Witte MB, Barbul A - General principles of wound healing. Surg Cl North Am 1997;77:509-527.

[13] 13. Raulin LA, McPherson JC, McQuade MJ, et al - The effect of nicotine on the attachment of human fibroblasts to glass and human root surfaces in vitro. J Periodontol 1989;59:318-322.

[14] 14. Mcguire JR, Mcquade M, Rossman J, et al - Cotidine in saliva and gengival fluid of smokers with periodontal disease. J Periodontol 1989;60:176-181.

[15] 15. Piper DW, McIntosh HM, Hudson HM - Factors relevant to the prognosis of chronic duodenal ulcer. Digestion 1985;31:9-16.

[16] 16. Reus WF, Colen LB, Straker DJ - Tobacco smoking and complications in elective microsurgery. Plast Reconstr Surg 1992; 89:490- 494.

[17] 17. Rees TD - The acute effects of cigarette smoke exposure on experimental skin flaps: a discussion. Plast Reconstr Surg 1985; 75:550-551.

[18] 18. Rees TD, Liverett DM, Guy CL - The effect of cigarette smoking on skin-flap survival in the face lift patient. Plast Reconstr Surg 1984;73:911-915.

Brasil

Brasil

Efeitos da nicotina na cicatrização intestinal em ratos

Effects of nicotine in the intestinal healing in rats

Resumos

Endereço para correspondência:

Datas de Publicação

Histórico