Abstract
In the context of compulsory displacement caused by major infrastructure and development projects, resettlement is indicated as the best way out of the affected population's reallocation by its potential to guarantee the right to adequate housing and the accompaniment of restructuring of the livelihoods of those affected (MATHUR, 2011MATHUR, Hari Mohan. Social impact assessment: a tool for planning better resettlement. Social Change, v. 41, n. 1, p. 97-120, 2011.; VANCLAY, 2017VANCLAY, Frank. Project-induced displacement and resettlement: from impoverishment risks to an opportunity for development)? Impact Assessment and Project Appraisal, v. 35, n. 1, p. 3-21, 2017.). Adequate housing includes not only the objective conditions linked to the place of housing, but also the networks of social relations, the places where productive activities are carried out, as well as the different forms of land use (ONU, 1991ORGANIZAÇÃO DAS NAÇÕES UNIDAS (ONU). Pacto Internacional dos Direitos Econômicos, Sociais e Culturais. Comentário geral n. 4: artigo 11, número 1 (relativo ao direito a alojamento adequado), 1991.; ONU, 1997ORGANIZAÇÃO DAS NAÇÕES UNIDAS (ONU). Pacto Internacional dos Direitos Econômicos, Sociais e Culturais. Comentário geral n. 7: artigo 11, número 1 (o direito a um alojamento adequado: desalojamentos forçados), 1997.; ROLNIK, 2010ROLNIK, Raquel. Como atuar em projetos que envolvem despejos e remoções. Relatoria especial da ONU para moradia adequada. São Paulo, 2010.). The displacement of the rural population affected by the Belo Monte Dam (UHE Belo Monte) was marked by the failure of the Collective Rural Resettlements (RRC), which we understood as violation of the right to adequate housing. Among the factors that led to this violation, we highlight the difficult access to information and low social participation. This article is organized in three parts: the first one presents the guiding concepts of the research, namely the centrality of those affected, adequate housing and compulsory displacement; the second one contextualizes the Belo Monte Dam, and the population affected by the project; and the third one points out the relationship between access to information, participatory process and its influence on the right to adequate housing in the context of those affected by the UHE in rural areas.
Keywords
Belo Monte Dam; compulsory displacement; community-based; access to information; participatory process; right to adequate housing