Prevalence and factors associated with dating violence among public school adolescents

Veríssimo, Ana Virginia Rodrigues; Silva, Elivalda Andrade; Soares, Karla Hellen Dias; Amaral, Eveline Lorena da Silva; Brandão Neto, Waldemar; Ludermir, Ana Bernarda; Monteiro, Estela Maria Leite Meirelles; Aquino, Jael Maria de

doi:10.1590/1983-1447.2022.20210170.en

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Original Article • Rev. Gaúcha Enferm. 43 • 2022 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-1447.2022.20210170.en copy

Prevalence and factors associated with dating violence among public school adolescents

Prevalencia y factores asociados con la violencia en el noviazgo entre adolescentes de escuelas públicas

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Objective

Identify the prevalence and factors associated with dating violence among school adolescents.

Method

Quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional study, conducted in a state public school in Recife, Pernambuco, in August 2018, with 270 adolescents, aged between 12 and 19 years, from middle and high school. A form was applied with questions about the characterization of the adolescents, the experience of dating relationships, and the Conflict in Adolescent Dating Relationships Inventory. Pearson’s chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test was used for statistical analysis.

Results

The prevalence of physical, sexual, and psychological victimization was 31.9%, 36.4% and 81.8%, respectively. An association was identified between religious affiliation (p = 0.002), sexual orientation of the participants (p = 0.027), and parents’ education (p = 0.015) and physical victimization during dating.

Conclusion

Individual and contextual aspects related to dating violence among adolescents imply the need for the involvement of the school nurse in intersectoral and interdisciplinary health interventions.

Keywords
Adolescent; Intimate partner violence; School nursing.

Sociodemographic characteristics
	Victimization of adolescents in dating relationships
	Physical violence			Sexual violence			Psychological violence
	No	Yes	P	No	Yes	p	No	Yes	p
Age (years) - Mean (SD)	14.9 (1.3)	15.0(1.4)	0.840	14.9(1.3)	15.0(1.4)	0.711	14.6(1.4)	15.1(1.3)	0.203
Gender			0.195			0.640			0.455
Female	82(56.6%)	32(47.1%)		64(55.7%)	53(52.5%)		18(48.6%)	92(55.4%)
Male	63(43.4%)	36(52.9%)		51(44.3%)	48(47.5%)		19(51.4%)	74(44.6%)
Religious affiliation			0.002^*			0.417			0.286
No	47(33.3%)	36(56.3%)		42(38.2%)	42(43.8%)		11(32.4%)	68(42.2%)
Yes	94(66.7%)	28(43.7%)		68(61.8%)	54(56.2%)		23(67.6%)	93(57.8%)
Income			0.698			0.698			0.447
Up to 1 MW	73(54.9%)	41(66.1%)		59(57.3%)	57(60.0%)		19(52.8%)	89(59.7%)
> 1 MW	60(45.1%)	21(33.9%)		44(42.7%)	38(40.0%)		17(47.2%)	60(40.3%)
Father Education			0.015^*			0.507			0.873
Up to Incomplete Elemen.	34(34.7%)	19(39.6%)		29(38.2%)	26(36.1%)		11(40.8%)	41(36.3%)
Complete Elemen. to Incomplete High School	36(36.7%)	7(14.6%)		19(25.0%)	24(33.3%)		8(29.6%)	33(29.2%)
Complete High School or more	28(28.6%)	22(45.8%)		28(36.8%)	22(30.6%)		8(29.6%)	39(34.5%)
Mother Education			0.224			0.341			0.018^*
Up to Incomplete Elemen.	38(33.6%)	23(41.1%)		37(41.1%)	26(31.7%)		11(39.3%)	50(37.0%)
Complete Elemen. to Incomplete High School	36(31.9%)	11(19.6%)		21(23.3%)	26(31.7%)		2(7.1%)	42(31.1%)
Complete High School or more	39(34.5%)	22(39.3%)		32(35.6%)	30(36.6%)		15(53.6%)	43(31.9%)
Sexual Orientation			0.027^*			0.242			>0.999
Heterosexual	134(92.4%)	56(83.4%)		103(91.2%)	87(86.1%)		33(89.2%)	147(88.6%)
Bisexual	11(7.6%)	12(17.6%)		10(8.8%)	14(13.9%)		4(10.8%)	19(11.4%)

Sociodemographic characteristics
	Perpetration of dating violence by adolescents
	Physical violence			Sexual violence			Psychological violence
	No	Yes	P	No	Yes	p	No	Yes	p
Age (years) - Mean (SD)	15.0(1.4)	14.8(1.3)	0.711	14.8(1.3)	15.2(1.3)	0.070	14.9(1.4)	15.0(1.3)	0.790
Gender			0.001^*			0.183			0.632
Female	54(41.2%)	58(73.4%)		75(58.1%)	40(48.8%)		18(56.3%)	96(54.9%)
Male	77(58.8%)	21(26.6%)		54(41.9%)	42(51.2%)		14(43.7%)	79(45.1%)
Religious affiliation			0.222			0.195			0.215
No	47(37.3%)	35(46.1%)		46(36.8%)	35(46.1%)		8(29.6%)	71(42.3%)
Yes	79(62.7%)	41(53.9%)		79(63.2%)	41(54.9%)		19(70.4%)	97(57.7%)
Income			0.002^*			0.375			0.173
Up to 1 MW	61(50.4%)	52(73.2%)		72(61.5%)	43(55.1%)		12(46.2%)	96(60.4%)
> 1 MW	60(49.6%)	19(26.8%)		45(38.5%)	35(44.9%)		14(53.8%)	63(39.6%)
Father Education			0.189			0.457			0.923
Up to Incomplete Elemen.	29(32.2%)	23(43.4%)		35(40.7%)	20(33.3%)		9(40.9%)	43(36.4%)
Complete Elemen. to Incomplete High School	31(34.5%)	11(20.8%)		25(29.1%)	16(26.7%)		6(27.3%)	35(29.7%)
Compl. High School or more	30(33.3%)	19(35.8%)		26(30.2%)	24(40.0%)		7(31.8%)	40(33.9%)
Mother Education			0.240			0.040^*			0.206
Up to Incomplete Elemen.	32(31.7%)	29(44.6%)		44(44.4%)	18(26.1%)		10(41.7%)	51(36.7%)
Complete Elemen. to Incomplete High School	30(29.7%)	16(24.6%)		21(21.2%)	23(33.3%)		3(12.5%)	41(29.5%)
Compl. High School or more	39(38.6%)	20(30.8%)		34(34.4%)	28(40.6%)		11(45.8%)	47(33.8%)
Sexual Orientation			0.015^*			0.969			0.747
Heterosexual	122(93.2%)	65(82.3%)		114(89.1%)	72(88.9%)		26(92.9%)	154(88.0%)
Bisexual	9(6.8%)	14(17.7%)		14(10.9%)	9(11.1%)		2(7.1%)	21(12.0%)

Relationship profile
	Victimization of adolescents
	Physical violence			Sexual violence			Psychological violence
	No	Yes	P	No	Yes	p	No	Yes	p
Relationship status			0.916			0.869			0.071
Ended	80(55.9%)	38(56.7%)		75(56.0%)	44(57.1%)		26(70.3%)	88(54.0%)
Remain together	63(44.1%)	29(43.3%)		59(44.0%)	33(42.9%)		11(29.7%)	75(46.0%)
Duration of relationship			0.779			0.362			0.080
Up to 1 month	72(51.1%)	34(50.8%)		70(53.8%)	35(45.5%)		23(63.9%)	74(45.7%)
Bet. 1 month and 11 months	41(29.1%)	22(32.8%)		39(30.0%)	24(31.1%)		10(27.8%)	52(32.1%)
≥ 12 months	28(19.8%)	11(16.4%)		21(16.2%)	18(23.4%)		3(8.3%)	36(22.2%)
Frequency of conflicts			0.056			0.002^*			0.184
Always	8(5.8%)	10(14.7%)		7(5.5%)	11(14.3%)		1(3.1%)	17(10.4%)
Many times	21(15.3%)	13(19.1%)		15(11.7%)	19(24.7%)		3(9.4%)	28(17.2%)
Few times	108(78.9%)	45(66.2%)		106(82.8%)	47(61.0%)		28(87.5%)	118(72.4%)
Relationship status			0.011^*			0.854			0.076
Ended	81(62.3%)	34(44.2%)		80(55.6%)	37(56.9%)		19(73.1%)	95(54.6%)
Remain together	49(37.7%)	43(55.8%)		64(44.4%)	28(43.1%)		7(26.9%)	79(45.4%)
Duration of relationship			0.119			0.887			0.790
Up to 1 month	70(55.6%)	34(43.0%)		73(51.4%)	30(48.4%)		14(56.9%)	83(48.5%)
Bet. 1 month and 11 months	37(29.4%)	25(31.7%)		43(30.3%)	19(30.6%)		9(33.3%)	53(31.0%)
≥ 12 months	19(15.0%)	20(25.3%)		26(18.3%)	13(21.0%)		4(14.8%)	35(20.5%)
Frequency of conflicts			0.005^*			0.067			0.242
Always	6(4.8%)	12(15.4%)		9(6.5%)	8(12.3%)		0(0%)	18(10.5%)
Many times	16(12.9%)	17(21.8%)		19(13.8%)	15(23.1%)		3(13.0%)	28(16.3%)
Few times	102(82.3%)	49(62.8%)		110(79.7%)	42(64.6%)		20(87.0%)	126(73.2%)

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[1] Corresponding author:
Ana Virginia Rodrigues Veríssimo E-mail: virginia.verissimo@upe.br