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SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to investigate factors influencing intrapartum fever in parturients receiving epidural labor analgesia. METHODS: This study included 410 parturients who received epidural labor analgesia at the authors’ hospital between February 2022 and February 2024. Participants were divided into a fever group (>37.5℃) and a control group (<37.5℃) based on their body temperature post-analgesia. General data, gestational comorbidities, and intrapartum-related conditions were compared. Influencing factors were analyzed using the chi-squared test and logistic regression. RESULTS: Intrapartum fever occurred in 90 parturients (22.0%). Univariate analysis indicated that maternal age (p=0.046), parity (p=0.042), oxytocin use (p=0.041), and timing of analgesia (p<0.001) were associated with intrapartum fever. Multivariate analysis revealed that the timing of analgesia (OR 3.612, 95%CI 1.533–8.510) and amniotic fluid contamination degrees I (OR 1.072, 95%CI 1.012–3.082) and II (OR 2.874, 95%CI 1.901–9.092) were independent risk factors. No significant differences were found between the fever and control groups in body mass index, gestational age, gestational comorbidities, and artificial membrane rupture (p>0.05). Intrapartum fever increased the rate of neonatal fever within 2 h after birth (41.7 vs 18.6%, p<0.05) but did not significantly affect other neonatal health indicators. CONCLUSION: Timing of analgesia and amniotic fluid contamination are significant factors influencing intrapartum fever in parturients receiving epidural labor analgesia.

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SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: Newborns’ jaundice is the result of bilirubin accumulation as fetal hemoglobin is metabolized by the immature liver. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of mother-reported newborn jaundice and associated factors. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out using data from a longitudinal study involving 914 children. The data were reviewed using Poisson regression with a robust estimator in a hierarchical model in which the sociodemographic variables constituted the first level, those related to the conditions of the pregnancy constituted the second level, and those related to the report of jaundice, the third level. Prevalence ratios and their relevant confidence intervals were estimated. RESULTS: The prevalence of reported jaundice in newborns was 17.9%. The variables late pregnancy, urinary infection during pregnancy, and preterm and post-term birth were independently statistically associated with a higher prevalence of newborn jaundice reports. CONCLUSION: We can conclude that mother-reported newborn jaundice was 17.9% associated with maternal and birth aspects.

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SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: This study aims to compare vastus lateralis and ventrogluteal site utilizations concerning pain and fear in intramuscular injection in children between 4 and 6 years of age. METHODS: A randomized trial design was utilized in this study. Groups were randomly assigned as ventrogluteal (n=43) and vastus lateralis (n=40). Children in both groups were compared before, during, and after the procedure using the Children’s Fear Scale and the Wong-Baker Faces Pain Rating Scale. Crying time was measured using a stopwatch during the procedure. RESULTS: While the mean Children’s Fear Scale total scores of the children in the ventrogluteal group were similar before the procedure, the mean Children’s Fear Scale total scores during and after the procedure were significantly lower than the children in the vastus lateralis group. Wong-Baker Faces Pain Rating Scale mean scores were significantly lower in the ventrogluteal group. The mean crying time of the children in the ventrogluteal group was significantly lesser than those in the vastus lateralis group (p=0.000). CONCLUSION: The results of the study showed that the choice of the ventrogluteal site in intramuscular injection in children between 4 and 6 years of age was effective in reducing pain, fear, and crying time.

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SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to examine the utility of the albumin–bilirubin score in cases of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy. METHODS: A total of 413 patients (182 intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy, 50 suspected intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy, 181 healthy controls) enrolled in this study. Patients with typical pruritus and bile acid levels >10 μmol/L are defined as the intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy group. Patients with pruritus have the same pattern as intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy, but who are ultimately diagnosed with other dermatoses of pregnancy are defined as suspected intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy. Demographic data, laboratory parameters, and albumin–bilirubin scores were compared between three groups. Correlation analysis was performed on the albumin–bilirubin score and bile acid levels. Also, receiver operating curve analyses were performed to evaluate the predictive performance of the albumin–bilirubin score for intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy diagnosis. RESULTS: The albumin–bilirubin score of the intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy group was significantly higher than the other groups. A positive, weak correlation was found between the albumin–bilirubin score and bile acid levels in the intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy group. The receiver operating curve curve analyses showed albumin–bilirubin score has significant performance for the prediction of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy in all subjects (area under the curve: 0.726, 95%CI 0.679–0.774, p<0.001) (sensitivity: 69%, specificity: 64%). The detection rate for albumin–bilirubin score was calculated as 67.3%. The positive predictive value was 3.95% (CI 2.9–5.3%), and the negative predictive value was 98.9% (CI 98.6–99.2%). CONCLUSION: This study indicated higher albumin–bilirubin score levels in the intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy group and a positive relationship between serum bile acid levels and albumin–bilirubin score. Therefore, albumin–bilirubin score could be a cost-effective liver function test for pregnant women with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy.

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SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of low-body cell mass by sex and age in a community-dwelling population. METHODS: In this retrospective study, 981 community-dwelling adults aged ≥35 years (648 women and 333 men) from Mexico City were recruited in a subway station between February and April 2012. Demographic data, anthropometry, and body composition were assessed, and self-reported comorbidities were recorded in the consulting room. Impedance values were obtained using mono-frequency equipment at 50 kHz. For the diagnosis of low-body cell mass by bioelectrical impedance vectorial analysis: resistance (R, Ohm) and reactance (Xc, Ohm) values were adjusted for height to obtain impedance vector (R/H and Xc/H) and then plotted in the R/Xc to perform the bioelectrical impedance vectorial analysis RXc Z-score analysis. RESULTS: The total prevalence of low body cell mass by bioelectrical impedance vectorial analysis was 29.4% (n=288) with a 95%CI 26.5–32.3%; was higher in men (39%) compared with women (24.4%) (p<0.0001). The group aged>75 years had the highest prevalence (men: 85.3%, p<0.001; women: 63.3%, p<0.001). The bioelectrical impedance vectorial analysis RXc Z-score analysis showed lower cell mass in men aged>75 years (R Z-score −0.30, Xc Z-score −2.13), and women aged 65–74 years also presented with overhydration (Z-score −2.6, Z-score −1.27). CONCLUSION: The prevalence of low body cell mass, evaluated by bioelectrical impedance vectorial analysis, increased with age. RXc Z-score analysis could be a useful tool to evaluate nutritional status and changes in hydration in community-dwelling populations.

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SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess the dietary pattern of healthy adult and adolescent women, pregnant and non-pregnant, and relate this profile to clinical and laboratory characteristics. METHODS: A prospective cohort study was carried out with 40 women who met the selection criteria: 10 non-pregnant adults, 10 pregnant adults, 10 non-pregnant adolescents, and 10 pregnant adolescents. Dietary data were collected using a registration form, a 24-h recall, and a food frequency questionnaire. Serum levels of interleukin 6 and tumor necrosis factor α were determined by capture ELISA. RESULTS: The majority of women were married (22.5%), had completed high school (57.5%), and were white (47.5%). Overall, only one (10%) pregnant adult reported smoking. Dietary supplement use was reported by eight (80%) pregnant adults, four (40%) pregnant adolescents, two (20%) non-pregnant adolescents, and no non-pregnant adults. Pregnant adolescents had a higher intake of omega-3 when compared to pregnant adults and non-pregnant adults (p=0.01 and 0.02, respectively). Pregnant adolescents consumed less minimally processed foods than pregnant adults, non-pregnant adults, and non-pregnant adolescents (p=0.008, 0.019, and 0.024, respectively). Serum levels of tumor necrosis factor α and interleukin 6 did not show statistical differences among the four groups (p=0.229 and 0.440, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: The dietary patterns of healthy adult and adolescent women, whether pregnant or not, were similar, with pregnant adolescents having a higher intake of omega-3. Pregnant adolescents ate less in natura (minimally processed) food than all the other women.

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SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to describe the single-surgeon experience on transvaginal natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery for uterosacral ligament suspension in patients with severe prolapse who had concomitant vaginal hysterectomy. METHODS: A total of 53 patients with severe uterine prolapse who underwent vaginal hysterectomy and transvaginal natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery for uterosacral ligament suspension between January 2021 and March 2023 were included in the study. Operation time, intraoperative and postoperative complications, de novo urinary continence, and duration of hospitalization were obtained from the patient records. Initial postoperative follow-up visits were scheduled for the first week of the month. Patients were followed up yearly, and they had the opportunity to reach the surgical team at any time. Symptomatic prolapse beyond the hymen is defined as recurrence. RESULTS: Patients had a mean age of 61.7 years ±7.7 SD. All patients received bilateral opportunistic salpingectomy and salpingo-oophorectomy. The total operation time was 162±31 min, with transvaginal natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery taking 32.3±5.37 min. There were no intraoperative complications. 12 patients had recurrence; 8 anterior, 3 apical, and 1 posterior prolapse. The mean recurrence time was 11.5 months (range 5–23 months). The reoperation rate was 13.2% (n:7). Three of the patients had obliterative vaginal surgery, three of the patients had anterior, and one patient had posterior repair. Overall failure of apical surgical procedure was 5.6%. Two patients had de novo incontinence postoperatively. CONCLUSIONS: Transvaginal natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery uterosacral ligament suspension is a feasible technique to treat severe pelvic organ prolapse with promising results for short-term efficacy and safety in patients who had concomitant vaginal hysterectomy. Longer follow-up periods are needed to evaluate the long-term efficacy profile of transvaginal natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery for uterosacral ligament suspension.

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SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: Initially diagnosed as a respiratory disease, SARS-CoV-2 revealed numerous extrapulmonary implications. The aim of this study was to investigate prolonged urinary retention in survivors post-COVID-19 infection that led to hospitalization. METHODS: A retrospective cohort analysis included male and female patients hospitalized during the COVID-19 pandemic in a reference center hospital. Exclusions were patients with a history of lower urinary tract surgeries or symptoms, including urinary incontinence, those using medication affecting detrusor contractile activity, and those with established neurological diseases. Clinical, laboratory, and radiographic data were obtained from medical records and analyzed using chi-square, Fisher's exact, Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis, and Dunn tests. RESULTS: The study included 834 patients, with 471 (56.5%) male and 363 (43.5%) female. Of these, 300 patients used a urinary catheter, and 12.6% were unable to remove it due to sustained urinary retention. Orotracheal intubation, thrombocytopenia, urinary tract infections, and higher Sequential Organ Failure Assessment scores were associated with urinary retention. Correlation analysis showed that the highest percentage of pulmonary involvement on computed tomography was related to longer catheterization time and failed attempts to remove the catheter, affecting men and women equally. CONCLUSIONS: Urinary tract involvement in COVID-19 infection is increasingly evident. The correlation between COVID-19 severity and failure to remove the urinary catheter in a similar percentage of men and women reinforces the hypothesis that sex-independent urothelial injury and bladder dysfunction might be caused by COVID-19.

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SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety between ultrasound- and computed tomography-guided pulsed radiofrequency in treating ophthalmic branch postherpetic neuralgia. METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted on data of 84 patients with ophthalmic branch postherpetic neuralgia. According to the puncture guiding method, the patients were divided into the ultrasound- and computed tomography-guided groups, which received the ultrasound- and computed tomography-guided supraorbital nerve pulsed radiofrequency treatment, respectively. The puncture time, numeric rating scale pain score before pulsed radiofrequency and after pulsed radiofrequency, effective rate of treatment, and intraoperative and postoperative adverse events were observed. RESULTS: The puncture time in the ultrasound-guided group was significantly shorter than that in the computed tomography-guided group (p<0.05). At 1, 4, and 12 weeks after pulsed radiofrequency, in two groups, the numeric rating scale pain score was significantly lower than that before pulsed radiofrequency, respectively (p<0.05). At each time, the numeric rating scale pain score showed no significant difference between the two groups (p>0.05). At 12 weeks after pulsed radiofrequency, there was no significant difference in the effective rate of treatment between the two groups (p>0.05). During the intraoperative and postoperative periods, the incidences of adverse event hematoma and oculocardiac reflex in the ultrasound-guided group were significantly lower than those in the computed tomography-guided group, respectively (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Both ultrasound- and computed tomography-guided supraorbital nerve pulsed radiofrequencys have good efficacy in treating the ophthalmic branch postherpetic neuralgia. Compared with the computed tomography-guided pulsed radiofrequency, the ultrasound-guided pulsed radiofrequency has faster puncture operation and is safer. It is more worthy of clinical applications.

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SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: Thiols play an essential role in eliminating oxidative stress in cells. We aimed to evaluate the oxidative stress occurring during labor with thiol-disulfide balance. METHODS: A total of 97 healthy pregnant women in the 37th–41st gestational weeks who underwent delivery between June 2021 and August 2022 were included in the study. Elective cesarean section group 1 (n=33), vaginal deliveries group 2 (n=29), and cesarean section due to cephalopelvic disproportion group 3 (n=35) were determined. Blood samples were taken before delivery, and from the umbilical artery just after the fetus and placenta were delivered. Serum native thiol (μmol/L), total thiol (μmol/L), and disulfide (μmol/L) were measured. Disulfide/native thiol (%), disulfide/total thiol (%), and native thiol/total thiol (%) ratios were calculated. RESULTS: No significant difference was observed in thiol values in maternal blood (p>0.05). There was a significant difference between the groups in terms of native/total thiol (p=0.017), disulfide/total thiol (%) (p=0.018), and disulfide/native thiol (%) (p=0.018) in cord blood. CONCLUSION: In the literature, evidence concerning the impact of the mode of delivery on the level of neonatal and maternal oxidative stress is inconsistent. It is not clear whether parturition accompanied by pain, as in spontaneous vaginal delivery, poses more oxidative stress than a planned operative delivery. Prospective studies in larger cohorts are needed to better understand the impact of oxidative stress on pregnant women and neonates.

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SUMMARY INTRODUCTION: Chronic kidney disease has presented frequencies that exceed the installed capacity of dialysis services, and data on prevalence are uncertain worldwide. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to analyze the epidemiological profile of patients assisted in renal replacement therapy and details on the assistance provided. METHODS: Population-based cross-sectional study with information obtained from the Unified Health System database. The research location was the state of Paraíba, and the observation period was from January 1, 2009, to December 31, 2013, n = 64,676 documents, and the variables observed were: gender; age group, race, or color; place of residence; place where the therapy was performed; vascular access; modality if hemodialysisor peritoneal dialysis; registration on the kidney transplantation list; infection by hepatitis B, C, and HIV viruses; and costs. RESULTS: A higher prevalence of request for highly complex procedure was observed in males (56.8%) and white (39%). The cities with the highest prevalence of dialysis patients were João Pessoa, Campina Grande, Santa Rita, Sousa, Bayeux, and Patos. Most of the sample referred to patients undergoing hemodialysis as a renal replacement therapy modality, with 42.2% not having definitive arteriovenous fistula access. The renal replacement therapy expenses observed were increasing, and in 2009, they accounted for 2.89% of health spending, reaching 3.32% of state health spending in 2013. CONCLUSION: Using secondary data from DATASUS to understand the population with chronic kidney disease and the assistance offered is possible.

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SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: This study evaluates the efficacy of magnetic resonance imaging-based radiomics in predicting treatment responses in hepatocellular carcinoma patients undergoing transarterial radioembolization. METHODS: Pre-treatment magnetic resonance imaging scans from 65 hepatocellular carcinoma patients were analyzed. Radiomic features were extracted from axial T1-weighted and T2-weighted sequences using a standardized workflow involving image preprocessing, segmentation, and feature extraction. Multivariate logistic regression models combining radiomic and clinical features were developed to predict treatment outcomes. The performance of the models was evaluated using the area under the curve metric. RESULTS: The study included 65 patients with a median age of 64 years; 44.6% showed a complete response, while 55.4% showed a non-complete response. The median radiomics score in the T1-weighted portal phase was −0.49 for non-complete responders and −0.07 for complete responders (p<0.001). In the T2-weighted sequence, the median radiomics score was −0.76 for non-complete responders and 1.1 for complete responders (p<0.001). Tumor size ≥5 cm was a significant predictor of non-complete response in univariate analysis (p=0.027) but not in multivariate analysis after adding radiomics scores. The area under the curve for the radiomics signature in predicting non-complete response was 0.754 for T1-weighted and 0.850 for T2-weighted sequences. CONCLUSION: Magnetic resonance imaging-based radiomics enhances the prediction of treatment responses in hepatocellular carcinoma patients undergoing transarterial radioembolization. Integrating radiomic features with clinical parameters significantly improves predictive accuracy.

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SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the reliability and quality of information provided by artificial intelligence chatbots regarding the diagnosis, preventive methods, and treatment of contrast-associated acute kidney injury, while also discussing their benefits and drawbacks. METHODS: The most frequently asked questions regarding contrast-associated acute kidney injury on Google Trends between January 2022 and January 2024 were posed to four artificial intelligence chatbots: ChatGPT, Gemini, Copilot, and Perplexity. The responses were evaluated based on the DISCERN score, the Patient Education Materials Assessment Tool for Printable Materials score, the Web Resource Rating scale, the Coleman-Liau index, and a Likert scale. RESULTS: As per the DISCERN score, the quality of information provided by Perplexity received a rating of "good", while the quality of information acquired by ChatGPT, Gemini, and Copilot was scored as "average." Based on the Coleman-Liau index, the readability of the responses was greater than 11 for all artificial intelligence chatbots, suggesting a high level of complexity requiring a university-level education. Similarly, the understandability and applicability scores on the Patient Education Materials Assessment Tool for Printable Materials and the Web Resource Rating scale were low for all artificial intelligence programs. In consideration of the Likert score, all artificial intelligence chatbots received favorable ratings. CONCLUSIONS: While patients increasingly utilize artificial intelligence chatbots to acquire information about contrast-associated acute kidney injury, the readability and understandability of the information provided may be low.

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SUMMARY INTRODUCTION: The term second victim arises when a healthcare professional experiences an adverse event that has an emotional impact and/or physical suffering for the healthcare professional. The experiences of the second victim can be measured using the Second Victim Experience and Support Tool, originally developed in English, translated and validated internationally in several languages. A revised version of the tool (Second Victim Experience and Support Tool-Revised) has been published since 2020. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to translate and gather evidence of the validity of the Second Victim Experience and Support Tool-Revised Version into Brazilian Portuguese. METHODS: This is a methodological study that involved the necessary procedures for the translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the instrument, carefully following the stages of translation, back-translation, pre-testing, evaluation by a panel of experts, and a test on a large population for validity and reliability. RESULTS: A total of 146 health professionals took part in the study, with a greater predominance of doctors (38.4%) and physiotherapists (30.8%). Seven items were excluded, all with factor loadings of less than 0.50. The "institutional support" dimension had to be excluded due to its low factor loadings. The fit indices of the re-specified model were χ2/df=1.60, CFI=0.90, TLI=0.88, and RMSEA=0.07 (CI 0.06–0.08). CONCLUSION: The adapted version of the instrument showed satisfactory psychometric properties when composed of 28 items distributed in eight dimensions, making it a valid and reliable instrument for assessing second victim experiences in different professions, suitable for dissemination in Brazil.

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SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: This study aims to access the frequency of single-nucleotide polymorphism rs12589592 (G>A) of the fibulin-5 gene in a Brazilian population with pelvic organ prolapse. METHODS: This was a case-control study, with menopausal women divided into two groups and classified using the pelvic organ prolapse quantification system: pelvic organ prolapse group: pelvic organ prolapse quantification system stages III and IV and Control group: pelvic organ prolapse quantification system stages I and 0. We collected epidemiologic and baseline health information and performed genotyping of rs12589592 from the fibulin-5 gene using a restriction fragment length polymorphism (polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism) strategy, based on the distinction of sequences from alleles G and A by the restriction enzyme DdeI. For the pelvic organ prolapse group and control, 111 and 180 women were recruited, respectively. RESULTS: The rs12589592 (G>A) polymorphism analysis showed 141 GG homozygotes (pelvic organ prolapse group: 53 [47.7%] and Control: 88 [49.2%] p=0.850); and 149 AA+GA: (pelvic organ prolapse group: 58 [52.3%]; Control: 91 [50.8%]; p=0.904). The distribution of genotypes did not follow the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium conditions. CONCLUSION: There was no difference between groups regarding genotypes (rs12589592 G>A) frequency; however, the population characteristics prevent the analysis of the association between the genotype and the occurrence of prolapse.

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SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: The aim of this research was to determine the effect of music on nonstress testing and pregnant women's satisfaction. METHODS: The research, which was designed as a randomized controlled experimental study, was conducted between September 2021 and September 2022 at a training and research university hospital in the north of Turkey. The population of the research consisted of pregnant women who were requested to take a nonstress test, and the sample consisted of 111 pregnant women (music group: 56 and control group: 55). The pregnant women in the music group listened to classical music during the nonstress test, while no intervention was applied to those in the control group. Data were collected with a Descriptive Information Form, a Nonstress Test Form, and the Visual Analog Scale to evaluate satisfaction. Mann-Whitney U and chi-square test statistics were used for the statistical analysis of the data. RESULTS: The mean basal fetal heart rate and count of fetal movements, the presence of acceleration, and the nonstress test results of the pregnant women in the music group were statistically significantly higher than those of the control group (p<0.05). Besides, a statistically significant difference was found between the groups in terms of mean satisfaction scores (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: Listening to music during nonstress tests increases pregnant women's reactive nonstress test rates and satisfaction.

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SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to evaluate the descriptive outcomes of 38 prenatally suspected clubfoot cases. METHODS: This is a retrospective cohort study conducted in Ankara Bilkent City Hospital's perinatology clinic. All consecutive cases with the diagnosis of fetal clubfoot between 2020 and 2023 were included. Multiple pregnancies and skeletal dysplasias were excluded from the study. Demographic features, prenatal ultrasound findings, prenatal screening test results, invasive diagnostic test results, clinical approaches, short-term and long-term postnatal outcomes, and treatment types of clubfoot were reported. RESULTS: There were a total of 38 prenatally diagnosed clubfoot cases noted during the study period. The mean gestational age at diagnosis was 15.3±1.4 weeks. Prenatal ultrasound screening noted bilateral clubfoot in 16 (42.1%) cases and unilateral clubfoot in 22 (57.8%) cases. Clubfoot was isolated in 7 (18.4%) cases, and additional anomalies were present in 31 (81.6%) cases. The gender of the fetuses was 26 (68.4%) males and 12 (31.6%) females. The prenatal noninvasive screening test was high risk in 7 (18.4%) patients and low risk in 16 (42.1%) patients. As a result of amniocentesis performed in 16 (42.1%) patients, abnormal karyotypes were detected in 2 patients (trisomy 18, 22q11.2 del). Six pregnancies were terminated before 24 weeks, and 27 pregnancies resulted in live birth at an average of 37.8±2.5 weeks. The diagnosis was correct in 84.2% of the cases, and 84.6% of the pregnancies resulted in live births. CONCLUSION: The outcomes of congenital clubfoot are generally favorable, especially in isolated cases.

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SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the association between the atherogenic index of plasma and insulin resistance, while also evaluating atherogenic index of plasma's prognostic value in inflammation by examining its correlation with platelet/lymphocyte ratio and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio. METHODS: Data collection involved accessing records from January 2022 to December 2022, with analyses including calculation of atherogenic index of plasma and homeostatic model assessment index. RESULTS: Data from 510 patients (mean age: 48.90±18.71 years; 69.4% female) showed a mean atherogenic index of plasma of 0.40±0.28, with 69% at high risk. Significant positive correlations were found between atherogenic index of plasma and age, lymphocyte, neutrophil, C-reactive protein, glucose, insulin, and homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance, while the correlation with platelet/lymphocyte ratio was significantly negative. CONCLUSION: Atherogenic index of plasma presents as a promising predictor for insulin resistance, demonstrating robust associations with inflammation, thus offering valuable clinical insights and potential for early risk assessment and management strategies.

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SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to describe and critically appraise the conclusions of randomized clinical trials assessing monoclonal antibodies sponsored by the pharmaceutical industry. METHODS: This is a meta-research study on conclusions’ characteristics of randomized clinical trials with monoclonal antibodies as interventions sponsored by the pharmaceutical industry. RESULTS: A total of 82 publications were considered. Notably, 79.3% (65/82) of the trials were fully funded by the pharmaceutical industry, and sponsors had data and publishing rights in 70.7% (58/82). Among the fully sponsored studies, 78.5% (51/65) presented conclusions with a drug-favorable direction of the effect, and 30.8% (20/65) made some recommendations for clinical practice, of which 95% (19/20) were favorable to the drug. In relation to the partially funded studies, drug-favorable direction of effect was present in 68.8% (11/16) of conclusions, and 18.8% (3/16) recommended the drug for the practice, in which 66.7% (2/3) favored the drug. Positive direction of effect was more present in trials in which the sponsor owned data and publication (81.0%; 47/58), compared to trials where the funder did not (63.3%; 14/22). Only 13.4% (11/82) of included studies recognize the uncertainty in the estimates in the conclusions, and 37.4% (31/82) had a statement regarding the need for future studies. CONCLUSIONS: Most of the included randomized clinical trials on monoclonal antibodies funded by the industry concluded a drug-favorable direction of effect. Recommendations for practice were common, while recognition of uncertainty and statements regarding the need for future studies were less frequently present in the conclusion.

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SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: BACKGROUND: There are limited data on the use of Mulligan's mobilization with movement technique in patients who underwent surgery for distal radius fracture. AIMS: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of adding Mulligan's mobilization with movement to the conventional exercise program for those who underwent open reduction and volar plate application due to distal radius fracture. METHODS: This randomized controlled, single-blind study was conducted with 53 patients who had been operated on for distal radius fracture. The patients were divided into two groups, the mobilization with movement group and the control group. Patients in the mobilization with movement group were mobilized using Mulligan's mobilization with movement technique in addition to the rehabilitation program used in the control group. The degree of volar inclination and radial inclination were recorded. Radial height was measured in millimeters. Ulnar variance was recorded. Perimeter was measured using the Figure of Eight method. The range of motion of the joint was measured by goniometry. Hand grip strength was measured with Jamar® hand dynamometer, and pinch grip was measured with a pinch meter. The Patient-Rated Wrist Evaluation questionnaire was used to assess functionality. RESULTS: There is no statistically significant difference identified between the groups (p>0.05). The intra-group changes in the data of the groups were found to be statistically significant in visual analog scale, range of motion, pinch grip, hand grip, and Patient-Rated Wrist Evaluation parameters (p<0.05). There was a statistically significant difference between the mobilization with movement group and the control group for pronation value and hand grip strength value in measurements (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: XThe mobilization with movement had no additive effect on parameters other than hand grip strength and pronation.

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SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: As healthy microbiota lays the foundation, it is crucial for midwives, who play an important role and responsibility in providing necessary recommendations for strengthening the connection between the mother and the child, to understand the basic structures and functions of various microbial communities and to be knowledgeable about microbiota and health. Therefore, this study aimed to provide microbiota education to midwifery students to explain the importance of microbiota for health, demonstrate its relationship with newborn health, women's health, and diseases, and evaluate the students’ awareness of microbiota at the end of the education. METHODS: The education provided within the scope of the research was conducted face-to-face over 4 weeks, with 2 h of education per week, totaling 8 h. The students’ level of knowledge about microbiota was assessed before and 3 months after the education using the microbiota knowledge test, and statistical analysis was conducted. RESULTS: The education provided within the scope of the research was conducted face-to-face over 4 weeks, with 2 h of education per week, totaling 8 h. The students’ level of knowledge about microbiota was assessed before and 3 months after the education using the microbiota knowledge test, and statistical analysis was conducted. CONCLUSIONS: Through peer education, areas of confusion experienced by students regarding microbiota were gamified, resolved through mutual knowledge exchange, and awareness of microbiota was raised.

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SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: The aim of our study was to evaluate the effect of anatomical measurements consisting of volar tilt, radial length, radial inclination, and ulnar variance obtained from X-ray radiography in predicting deformity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and the power of these measurements in predicting rheumatoid arthritis in patients with nonspecific wrist pain. METHODS: A total of 98 rheumatoid arthritis and 40 control patients presenting with nonspecific wrist pain were cross-sectionally evaluated by X-ray radiography. Rheumatoid arthritis patients were divided into subgroups with and without deformity. Volar tilt, radial length, radial inclination, and ulnar variance measurements were performed. RESULTS: When the anatomical measurements of rheumatoid arthritis patients with and without wrist deformity were compared with the control group, volar tilt and radial length were significantly lower in rheumatoid arthritis patients with and without wrist deformity than in the control group. There was no difference between rheumatoid arthritis groups with and without deformity. CONCLUSIONS: Low volar tilt and radial length may be an early X-ray radiographic finding of rheumatoid arthritis and may provide additional diagnostic data in patients presenting with nonspecific wrist pain, especially for seronegative rheumatoid arthritis where diagnosis is difficult.