Role of sociodemographic factors and self-efficacy in the perception of social support of nursing students

Ferreira, Rafaela Teodoro; Gonçalves, Jamila Souza; de Oliveira, Jaqueline Lemos; dos Santos, Marcelo Vinicius Domingos Rodrigues; Baldassarini, Caíque Rossi; de Souza, Jacqueline

doi:10.1590/1980-220X-REEUSP-2021-0209

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ORIGINAL ARTICLE • Rev. esc. enferm. USP 55 • 2021 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-220X-REEUSP-2021-0209 copy

Role of sociodemographic factors and self-efficacy in the perception of social support of nursing students

Rol de los factores sociodemográficos y de la autoeficacia en la percepción de apoyo social de estudiantes de graduación en enfermeira

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Objective:

To analyze the role of sociodemographic factors and self-efficacy in the perception of social support by nursing students of the first years of nursing school.

Method:

This is a quantitative cross-sectional research, developed with 121 undergraduate students from the early years of the course. A sociodemographic questionnaire, the Higher Education Self-Efficacy Scale and the abbreviated version of the Social Support Questionnaire were used. Spearman and Mann-Whitney correlation tests were performed using software for statistical analysis.

Results:

It was identified that students with better self-efficacy and who are self-declared black or brown reported, respectively, greater satisfaction with the support and a smaller number of supporters.

Conclusion:

Considering that the race/color factor had a negative influence and self-efficacy a positive influence in the perception of social support, it is recommended that mental health promotion strategies be conducted that permeate both affirmative action policies and improvements in the teaching-learning process, especially in the first years of the nursing course.

DESCRIPTORS
Self Efficacy; Social Support; Students; Nursing; Mental Health; Health Promotion

Variables	n (%)	Score of satisfaction with social support		Score of number of supporters
Variables	n (%)	Rank mean	p^*	Rank mean	p^*
Sex
Female	103(85.1)	61.99	0.443	63.37	0.073
Male	18(14.9)	55.36	0.443	47.42
Age range
Up to 20 years	79(65.8)	60.69	0.931	60.85	0.878
More than 20 years	41(34.2)	60.14	0.931	59.83
Color ^†
White/Yellow	93(76.9)	62.04	0.536	64.51	0.043
Black/Brown	28(23.1)	57.54	0.536	49.34	0.043

	Score of satisfaction with social support	Academic dimension	Training regulation dimension	Social interaction dimension	Proactive actions dimension	Academic management dimension	AEFS score^*
Score of satisfaction with social support	1.000
Academic dimension	0.337^†	1.000
Training regulation dimension	0.205^‡	0.543^†	1.000
Social interaction dimension	0.301^†	0.663^†	0.671^†	1.000
Proactive actions dimension	0.229^‡	0.541^†	0.573^†	0.576^†	1.000
Academic management dimension	0.257^†	0.558^†	0.521^†	0.595^†	0.504^†	1.000
AEFS score*	0.295^†	0.811^†	0.814^†	0.795^†	0.696^†	0.637^†	1.000

	Score of number of nupporters	Academic dimension	Training regulation dimension	Social interaction dimension	Proactive actions dimension	Academic management dimension	AEFS score^*
Score of number of supporters	1.000
Academic dimension	–0.004	1.000
Training regulation dimension	–0.165	0.543^†	1.000
Social interaction dimension	–0.017	0.663^†	0.671^†	1.000
Proactive actions dimension	–0.050	0.541^†	0.573^†	0.576^†	1.000
Academic management dimension	0.021	0.558^†	0.521^†	0.595^†	0.504^†	1.000
AEFS score*	–0.106	0.811^†	0.814^†	0.795^†	0.696^†	0.637^†	1.000

Universidade de São Paulo, Escola de Enfermagem Av. Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 419 , 05403-000 São Paulo - SP/ Brasil, Tel./Fax: (55 11) 3061-7553, - São Paulo - SP - Brazil
E-mail: reeusp@usp.br

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[1] Corresponding author:
Jaqueline Lemos de Oliveira, Avenida dos Bandeirantes, 3900, Monte Alegre, 14040-902 – Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil, jaquelemos@usp.br