Online course on vaccinating people with HIV/AIDS - effectiveness in the knowledge of nursing professionals

Gerin, Larissa; Gir, Elucir; Neves, Lis Aparecida de Souza; Passos, Luzia Márcia Romanholi; Kfouri, Renato de Ávila; Reis, Renata Karina

doi:10.1590/1518-8345.7004.4278

Larissa Gerin

Study concept

Design

Obtaining data

Data analysis

Interpretation

Statistical analysis

Drafting the manuscript

Critical review of the manuscript as to its relevant intellectual content

Approve the final version of the text

Secretaria Municipal da Saúde, Divisão de Vigilância Epidemiológica, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil

Universidade de São Paulo, Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto, PAHO/WHO Collaborating Centre for Nursing Research Development, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3492-7392

Elucir Gir

Study concept

Design

Drafting the manuscript

Critical review of the manuscript as to its relevant intellectual content

Critical review of the method

Approve the final version of the text

Universidade de São Paulo, Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto, PAHO/WHO Collaborating Centre for Nursing Research Development, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3757-4900

Lis Aparecida de Souza Neves

Study concept

Design

Drafting the manuscript

Critical review of the manuscript as to its relevant intellectual content

Critical review of the method

Approve the final version of the text

Secretaria Municipal da Saúde, Divisão de Vigilância Epidemiológica, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5255-2649

Luzia Márcia Romanholi Passos

Study concept

Design

Drafting the manuscript

Critical review of the manuscript as to its relevant intellectual content

Critical review of the method

Approve the final version of the text

Secretaria Municipal da Saúde, Departamento de Vigilância em Saúde, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9428-829X

Renato de Ávila Kfouri

Study concept

Design

Drafting the manuscript

Critical review of the manuscript as to its relevant intellectual content

Critical review of the method

Approve the final version of the text

Sociedade Brasileira de Imunizações, São Paulo, SP, Brazil

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3903-8140

Renata Karina Reis

Study concept

Design

Data analysis

Interpretation

Statistical analysis

Drafting the manuscript

Critical review of the manuscript as to its relevant intellectual content

Approve the final version of the text

Universidade de São Paulo, Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto, PAHO/WHO Collaborating Centre for Nursing Research Development, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0681-4721

Corresponding author: Larissa Gerin - E-mail: larissagerin@yahoo.com.br https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3492-7392

Conflict of interest:

the authors have declared that there is no conflict of interest.

Associate Editor:

Ricardo Alexandre Arcêncio

Characteristics	Participants
Characteristics	f*	%
Sex
Male	2	2.6
Female	75	97.4
Age group (years)
20 to 29	2	2.6
30 to 39	23	29.9
40 to 49	36	46.7
50 to 59	14	18.2
60 or more	2	2.6
Health unit where they work
Specialized service 1	5	6.5
Specialized service 2	6	7.8
Specialized service 3	2	2.6
Specialized service 4	1	1.3
Specialized service 5	3	3.9
BHU^†/Family Health Unit	45	58.4
Emergency Service	6	7.8
Epidemiological Surveillance	3	3.9
Others	6	7.8
District where they work
East	32	41.6
Central	15	19.5
North	10	13.0
West	11	14.3
South	3	3.9
No district	6	7.8
Length of time working in vaccination room/specialized service (years)
0 to 9	46	59.7
10 to 19	23	29.9
20 to 29	7	9.1
30 to 39	1	1.3
Length of education (years)
0 to 9	8	10.4
10 to 19	37	48.0
20 to 29	22	28.6
30 to 39	10	13.0
Position held in the MHD ^‡
Nursing Assistant/Technician	42	54.5
Nurse	34	44.2
Not an MHD^‡ employee^‡	1	1.3
Immunization training
Yes	52	67.5
No	25	32.5

Nº	Category 1 questions	Before	After	p-value*
Nº	Category 1 questions	% of correct answers	% of correct answers	p-value*
Q1	The only health professional responsible for recommending vaccines to PLHIV^† is the infectologist. (D^‡)	64.9	93.5	<0.001
Q2	PLHIV^† have specific vaccination recommendations from the NIP^§. (A^\|\|)	96.1	97.4	0.655
Q3	The Vaccination Room team can only administer vaccines to PLHIV^† that have been prescribed by the infectologist who is monitoring the patient. (D^‡)	66.2	94.8	<0.001
Q4	The active search for individuals with an overdue vaccination schedule by the team from the Vaccination Rooms and Specialized Services is an important action to guarantee the completeness of the vaccination schedule. (A^\|\|)	100.0	96.1	0.083
Q5	Some diseases have already been controlled, such as measles, so in the risk-benefit evaluation, there is no need to administer the measles vaccine to PLHIV^†. (D^‡)	85.7	89.6	0.366
Q6	The NIP^§ makes various immunizers available through the SUS^¶ and the country maintains good vaccination coverage in adults. (D^‡)	24.7	44.2	0.007
Q7	Many countries face problems with vaccine refusal, a complex phenomenon that involves several factors, and this phenomenon has been established in Brazil in recent years. (A^\|\|)	88.3	94.8	0.132
Q8	Individuals who do not agree to complete the vaccination schedule, but do agree to receive some vaccines, can be considered vaccine hesitant. (A^\|\|)	76.6	93.5	0.002
Q9	As the number of vaccines offered and their use through vaccination programs increases, people’s concern about the safety of immunizers and distrust of the need for their use decreases. (D^‡)	57.1	37.7	0.014
Q10	Anti-vaccination movements began in the 19^th century with the use of smallpox vaccine, the first vaccine developed, and have been gaining strength in recent years due to their spread on social media. (A^\|\|)	71.4	77.9	0.225
Q11	The drop in vaccination coverage increases the incidence of preventable diseases, and consequently increases the number of preventable deaths, which is a public health risk. (A^\|\|)	100.0	98.7	0.317

Nº	Category 2 questions	Before	After	p-value*
Nº	Category 2 questions	% of correct answers	% of correct answers	p-value*
Q12	Combination vaccines are those in which an immunologically less potent product is added to another immunologically more potent product, thus enabling the first product to acquire characteristics of immunological potency that it did not previously possess. (D^†)	42.9	53.2	0.131
Q13	A conjugate vaccine is one made up of two or more antigens from different infectious agents in a single preparation. (D^†)	18.2	44.2	<0.001
Q14	In inactivated polysaccharide non-conjugated vaccines, immunity is short-lived (three to five years, in general), as the immune response does not involve stimulation of lymphocytes related to cellular immunity. (A^‡)	39.0	85.7	<0.001
Q15	During pre-vaccination screening, possible contraindications should be investigated, for example, the use of antibiotics, which contraindicates most vaccines. (D^†)	89.6	94.8	0.248
Q16	It is recommended to postpone vaccination in case of moderate or severe acute febrile illness until the condition improves. (A^‡)	98.7	97.4	0.564
Q17	The occurrence of adverse events must be reported, any adverse event constitutes a contraindication for future doses. (D^†)	74.0	68.8	0.317

Nº	Category 3 questions	Before	After	p-value^†
Nº	Category 3 questions	% of correct answers	% of correct answers	p-value^†
Q18	The hepatitis A vaccine is made up of inactivated virus. (A^‡)	85.7	94.8	0.035
Q19	Live attenuated viral vaccines prepared with live antigens cannot be administered to PLHIV*. (D)	42.9	77.9	<0.001
Q20	Inactivated vaccines are produced from inactivated whole microorganisms or particles of microorganisms and are not capable of producing disease. (A^‡)	94.8	93.5	0.317
Q21	A health service user attends to receive the Double Adult and Triple Viral vaccines with a referral from the Specialized Service professional. The vaccination room professional notes that the user received a dose of ACWY meningococcal vaccine in the private network 10 days ago and advises the patient to return in 20 days, as it is contraindicated to do other vaccinations with an interval of less than 30 days. (D^§)	67.5	79.2	0.050
Q22	Inactivated vaccines are generally not contraindicated for PLHIV*. (A^‡)	83.1	81.8	0.819
Q23	A 30-day interval must be observed between inactivated vaccines when not administered on the same day. (D^§)	61.0	84.4	0.001
Q24	Attenuated vaccines can only be administered to asymptomatic PLHIV* with a CD4 T lymphocyte count>350 cells/mm³. (D^§)	22.1	23.4	0.847
Q25	COVID-19 vaccines that behave like inactivated vaccines can be administered to PLHIV*. (A^‡)	96.1	94.8	0.655

Nº	Category 4 questions	Before	After	p-value*
Nº	Category 4 questions	% of correct answers	% of correct answers	p-value*
Q26	Influenza vaccine is contraindicated for people with CD4 T lymphocytes<200 cells/mm³. (D^†)	57.7	74.0	0.009
Q27	PLHIV^‡ are recommended to receive pneumococcal vaccine 23 in a two-dose schedule with a 5-year interval between doses. (A^§)	72.7	93.5	0.000
Q28	It is contraindicated to administer the yellow fever vaccine to PLHIV^‡. (D^†)	54.5	81.8	0.000
Q29	Pneumococcal vaccine 23 should be administered to PLHIV^‡ 8 weeks after receiving pneumococcal vaccine 13. (A^§)	51.9	63.6	0.050
Q30	The monovalent varicella vaccine is indicated for all PLHIV^‡. (D^†)	44.2	62.3	0.011
Q31	The vaccination schedule with the meningococcal C vaccine for PLHIV^‡ is two doses with a 60-day interval. (D^†)	23.4	18.2	0.317
Q32	After completing the hepatitis B vaccination regimen for PLHIV^‡, serology is recommended to evaluate seroconversion. If the serology is negative, it is recommended to repeat the vaccination schedule. (A^§)	55.8	72.7	0.024
Q33	Vaccinating health professionals and family members of PLHIV^‡ is a way of increasing protection for this public. (A^§)	93.5	100.0	0.025
Q34	The ideal time to start any vaccine for PLHIV^‡ is 6 months after starting ART^\|\|. (D^†)	40.3	58.4	0.013
Q35	The HPV^¶ vaccination schedule for PLHIV^‡ is three doses (0, 2 and 6 months) in the 9-26 age group. (D^†)	16.9	48.1	0.000

[1] Corresponding author: Larissa Gerin - E-mail: larissagerin@yahoo.com.br https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3492-7392

Brasil

Brasil

Abstract

Objective:

Method:

Results:

Conclusion:

Highlights: